4 PHOCIDJE. 



and other South-Sea navigators. According to Dr. Hooker, the Fur 

 Seals of the FaMands rarely exceed 3| or 4 feet in length. 



Seamen have long divided the Seals, on account of the great dif- 

 ference in their form, into the Earless -and Eared Seals. Buffon 

 adopted the division ; and Peron, in his account of Baudin's Voyage 

 (ii. 37), gave the name of Otaria to the Eared Seals. Cuvier and 

 most naturalists have adopted this name. 



In the ' Medical Kepository ' for 1821, p. 302, I considered the 

 Seals as forming an order, named Amphibia, containing two families : 

 Phocadce for Phoca and Otaria, and Tricheddce for Trichecus. 



Dr. Fleming, in 1822, placed the Otters (Lufra), Sea Otters (En- 

 hydra), Seals (Phoca), Ursine Seals (Otaria), and Walrus (Trichecus) 

 in a single group, which he called Palmata. — Phil. Zool. ii. 187. 



Dr. W. Vrolik, in 1822, in his ' Thesis de Phocis,' divides the Seals 

 into five trihes : — I. Phocce sine auriculis : Trihvs prima, P. vitu- 

 lina ; Trihus seounda, P. monachus ; Tribus tertia, P. mitrata ; Tribvs 

 qhiarta, P. prohoscidea. II. Otarioe (Phocce auricidatce) : Tribvs 

 quinta, P. leonina, &e. 



In the ' Annals of Philosophy' for 1825, 1 considered the genera 

 Phoca and Trichecus as each forming a family, and proposed to 

 divide the Seals thus : — I. Grinders many-rooted ; ears none ; nose 

 simple. 1. SieMor^ync^j'na, Pelagius andStenorhjTichus. 2. Phocina,, 

 Phoca. — II. Grinders with simple roots, or with divided roots, and 

 with distinct ears. 3. Enhydrina, Enhydra. 4. Otariina, Otaria 

 and Platyrhynchus. 5. Stemmatopina, Stemmatopus and Macro- 

 rhinus. 



M. F. Cuvier, in 1825, in the ' Dents des Mammiferes,' 118, divides 

 the Seals into those which have many roots to the grinders, including 

 P. vitulina-, P. Leptonyx, and P. mitrata, and those with simple- 

 rooted grinders, as P. ursina ani P. proboscidea. In 1829, in the 

 article Zoolosib in the ' Diet. Sci. Nat.' lix. 367, he divides them 

 into — 1. Les Phoques proprement dits, including the genera Callo- 

 cephalus, Stenorhynchus, Pelagius, StemmMopus, Macrorhinus, Arcto- 

 cephalus, and Platyrhynchus, and 2. Les Morses, for the genus Tri- 

 checus. In a paper on the genus, in ' M^m. Mus.' xi. 1827, 208, he 

 proposed to divide them into the following subgenera placed in three 

 sections : — 



Sect. 1. Grinders similar, double-rooted. — 1. Gallocephalus (vitu- 

 linus) ; 2. Stenorhynchus (leptonyx) ; 3. Pelagius (monachus). 



Sect. 2. Grinders simple-rOoted ; cutting-teeth |-. — 4. Stemmato- 

 ptis (cristatus) ; 5. Macrorhinus (proboscidalis). 



Sect. 3. Grinders simple-ropted ; cutting- teeth f. — 6. Arctocepha- 

 lus (ursinus); 7. Platyrhynchus (leoninus). An abstract of this 

 paper is given in Fischer, Syn. Mamm. 230. 



Mr. Joshua Brookes, in the Catalogue of his Anatomical and 

 Zoological Museum, 36, 1828, divides the Tetrapterygia, or Seals, 

 into three families: viz. 1. Phocidce or Brachiodontia ; 2. Ofariada; 

 and 3. Trichechidcn or Campodontia. 



