5. MACLEATTUS. 103 



" The whales approach the shores and bays with the flood-tide, and 

 quit them with the ebb. In their migration they seem to be influ- 

 enced by the direction of the tides. Whales are often seen in places 

 where the depth of the water does not much exceed their own 

 breadth, rubbing their huge bodies against the rocks, and freeing 

 themselves of the barnacles and other parasitic animals with which 

 they are covered." 



" The maternal affection of the whale for its young is very great. 

 As soon as the mother observes a threatened danger she clings as it 

 were to the calf, tries to hide it, and often takes it between her 

 fluke-fins and attempts to escape. The affection of the whale for 

 her young is the principal means of her destruction. The calf, inex- 

 perienced and slow, is easily killed, and the cow is afterwards a sure 

 prey. It is not known in what manner the cow suckles her calf. 

 The whalers deny that they can or do. The teats are two in number, 

 situated in membranous folds on both sides of the genital organs, 

 and are small in size." 



" The cow was a velvet-like black, with the exception of a milk- 

 white spot round the navel. They are said to be sometimes speckled 

 and entirely cream-coloured, which are albinos. 



" The' calf said to be six weeks old was 24 feet long. The brain 

 weighed 5 pounds 1 ounce. The baleen was very soft and useless. 

 There were 200 plates on each side of the roof of the upper jaw. 



" About 120 whales are captured yearly at four stations. 



" The whalers easily distinguish the buU from the cow at a con- 

 siderable distance, the elevation near the spout-holes, called the top- 

 Tcnot, being much higher in the bulls, and this part is always above 

 the water." — DieffenhoLch, New Zealand, i. 4A-5-^. 



What is Balcena australis, " Desmoul.," Schrenck, Amur-Lande, 

 i. 193; Balcena antarctiea, Schlegel, Fauna Japon. Mamm. 18? — 

 Inhab. Island Sa,chalin : called " Kalm." 



Lesson, (Euvr. Buffon, i. 391 (Tab. Keg. Anim. 202) ; Wagler, 

 N. S. Amph. 33, give the name of "B. antarctiea " to the " Eight or 

 Black Whale of the whalers of the Antarctic seas." 



II. Atlas separate from the other cervical vertehrts, which are all united into 

 a single Mass ; the lower lateral process of the second and third cervical 

 vertebrcB rounded. 



5. MACLEAYIUS. 



Macleayius, Oray, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1864. 



The atlas vertebra distinct, separate, with short, broad, truncated 

 lateral processes occuppng the upper two-thirds of the side of the 

 body of the vertebra, the lower side of the body forming a section of 

 a circle ; the neural arch strong, with a high central ridge forming a 

 distinct keel. 



The second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh cervical ver- 

 tebra; united into a single mass by their bodies and. neural apophyses ; 

 the upper lateral process rudimentary, more or less anchylosed ; the 



