SCOLOPACIDiE— THE SNIPE FAMILY. 51 



Subgenus Felidua Cuvieb. 



Pelidna Cuv. E6g. Anlm. 1817. 490; ed. 2, 1829, 526. Type, Tringa alpina LiNN. 



Chab. Bill slender, longer than the head, deep through the base, compressed, scarcely 

 or not at all expanded at the tip, and decidedly decurved terminally. Tarsus shorter than 

 the bill, longer than the middle toe. Wings reaching beyond end of tail. 



The subgenus Pdlidma includes two well-known Sandpipers, both 

 of which are common to North America and Europe, although 

 one of them, the Curlew Sandpiper, P. ferrugvnea, can scarcely 

 be considered as more than a straggler here. The other is repre- 

 sented in the two continents by distinguishable races. The char- 

 acters of the species and races of PeMdma are as follows: 



1. T. alpina. Upper tail-coverts dusky. ^dttZi m SMmmer; Belly black, other lower parts 



whitish. Winter plumage: No black beneath; above, uniform brownish gray. Young: 



Belly and breast spotted with black. 

 a. alpina. Wing, 4.30-4.75; oulmen, 1.16-1.40; tarsus, .85-1.00; middle toe, .70-.7S. Hob. 



Europe, etc. 

 /?. paciflca. Wing, 4.60-4.95; oulmen, 1.40-1.75; tarsus, 1.00-1.15; middle toe, .70-.75. 



Hah. North America and Eastern Asia. 



2. T. ferruginea. Upper tall-coverts white, ^dttit m swmmer; Beneath, including belly, 



deep cinnamon- rufou-. Winter plumage: Beneath, whits, indistinctly streaked on 

 the jugulum; above, brownish gray. Towng: Belly and breast unspotted '~r 

 Falsearctic Region; occasional in northern and eastern North Amieriea. 



Tringa alpina pacifica (Coues). 



BEO-BACEEB SAHBFIFEB, 

 Popular synonyms. Stile (Plymouth Bay, Mass.); American Dunlin. 



Tringa alpina WiLS. Am. Cm. vii, 1813, 25, pi. 56, fle. 2 (nee Linn.).— Sw. & BiCH. P. B.-A. li, 

 1831, SSS.-NUTT. Man. ii, 1834, 106.-AUD. Orn. Blog. iii, 1835, 580, pi. 290. Synop. 1839, 

 234; B. Am. v, 1842,266. 

 Tringa cinclus WiLS. Am. Orn. vii, 1813, 39, pi. 67, fig. 3 (n'ec LiNN.). 

 Tringa alpina var. amerioana Cass. inBaird's B. N. Am. 1858, 719.— Baied, Cat. N. Am. 

 B, 1869, No. 630.— Coues, Key, 1872. 266; Check List, 1874, 424; Birds N. W. 1874, 489. 

 Pelidna alpina americana Bidgw. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1881, 200; Nom. N. Am. B. 1881, 

 No. 539a.— Coues, Check List, 2d ed. 1882, No. 624. - 

 Pelidna paciflca CouBS, Proo. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1861, 189 (in text). 

 Tringa alpina paciflca Bidgw. in A. O. U. Check List, 1886,]No. 243a; Man. N. Am. B. 1887. 



160. 

 Pelidna alpina, /3. paciflca B. B. & R. Water B. N. Am. i, 1884, 243. 

 Hab. North America in general; breeding far northward; eastern Asia. 



Sp. Chab. Adult in summer: CroWn, back, scapulars, rump, and upper tail-coverts, 

 light rufous, the crown streaked, other parts spotted with black; wing-coverts brownish 

 gray, the greater broadly tipped with white. Head (except crown), neck, jugulum, and 

 breast, grayish white, streaked with dusky; abdomen black; sides, flanks, anal region, 

 orlssum, and lining of the wing, ptu'e white, the sides, flanks, and crissum sparsely 

 streaked. Adult and young in winter: Above, entirely plain ash-gray, sometimes with 

 very Indistinct dusky shaft-streaks; indistinct superciliary stripe and lower parts white. 



