ANATID^— THE SWANS, GEESE, AND DUCKS. 123 



Branta canadensis minima Rid^w. 



CACKLme OOOSE. 



Popular synonyms. Little Oa^-kllng Goose; Little White-oheeked Goose; Chornie Goose 

 (Prybllov Islands). 



Hemicla leueopareia Cass. Dlustr. B. Oal. Tex., etc., 1853, 272, pi. 46, neo A-'nser leucopareius 



Beandt. (California.) 

 Branta canadensis var. leueopareia CouBS, in Elliott's "Affairs in Alaska," 1875, 190; not 



of Key, 1872, p. 284, which = B. oecidentalis Baibd.' (Prybllov Islands.) ■ 

 Bemicla eanadensis leueopareia EiDOW. Nom. N. Am. B. 1881, No. 594&.— CotrES, 2d 



Cheek List, 1882, No. 703 : ad Key, 1884, No. 689. 

 Bemicla eanadensis, 6. leueopareia B. B. & B. Water B. N. Am. 1, 1884, 456, 459. 

 Branta hutchinsi,^. leueoparia B.ido'W. Proo. U. B. Nat. Mus.l, 1878,445. (Stockton, Cal.) 

 Branta canadensis, b. leueopareia CoUES, B. N. W, 1874, 554. 

 Branta minima Broow. Proc. XJ. S. Nat. Mus. yiii, Apr. 20, 1885, 23.— Stbjn. Orn. Expl. 



Kamtsoh. 1885, 147 (in text). 

 Branta canadensis minima Bidgw. Proc. TJ. S. Nat. mus. viii, 1886, 355; Man. N. Am. B. 



1887, 117.— TUENBB, Contr. Nat. Hist. Alaska, 1886, 139 (habits).— A. 0. U. Cheek List, 



1887. No. 172c.— Nelson, Eep.Nat. Hist. Alaska, 1887, 86 (habits). 

 Branta canadensis Elliott, Mohog. Seal Islands, 1882, 130, 



Hab. Paoiflo coast of North America, breeding abundantly about the Yukon delta and 

 contiguous shores of Norton Sound, and migrating south in winter to California; occasional 

 migrant to Mississippi Valley (Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, etc.). 



StiBSP. Ohab. Similar to -B. canadensis oecidentalis, Baird, but very much smaller. 

 Differing from B. canadensis hutchinsn in smaller size, especially the bill, and much 

 darker coloration. White cheek-patches usually separated by a black stripe or spotting on 

 the throat, and lower part Of neck encircled by a more or less distinct white collar. Lower 

 parts dark grayish brown, abruptly defined against the white of the anal region. Total 

 length, about 22. 00-25. 00 inches; wing, 13.60-14.50; culmen, 0.95-1.35; depth of bill at base, .60- 

 .75; width, .52-.60; tarsus, 2,40-2.75; middle toe, 1.90-2.30; tail-feathers, 14 or 16. Adult (No. 

 6t,526, male ad., St. Paul's Island, Alaska, May 14, 1872: H. W. Elliott). Throat with a black 

 "isthmus" .75 of an inch broad, separating widely the white cheek- patches. A distinct white 

 collar between the black of the neck and dark brownish gray of the chest, this about .75 of 

 an Inch wide in front, and extending completely around, though much narrower, and some- 

 what interrupted, behind. Lower parts dark brownish gray, abruptly defined against the 

 white of the crissum. Wing, 14.25 inches; culmen, 1.30; depth of maxilla' at base, ,75; width, 

 .66; tarsus, 2.56; middle toe, 2.30; tail-feathers, 14. 



, Other specimens in the coJleotion are chiefly in summer, plumage, having paler lower 

 parts and less conspicuous white collar; but nearly all have the two cheek-patohes com- 

 pletely separated by a broad black isthmus on the throat. 



With only two exoeptions, the specimens are from the Pacific coast, chiefly the northern 

 portion. 



Touna (No. 9,956, North Bed Elver, Manitoba, September: B. Kennioott). Much like the 

 adult, but the black of the neck fades gradually into the smoky gray of the chest, with- 

 out being separated by the usual white collar; the white cheek-patches are thickly, though 

 minutely, speckled \rith black; the feathers of the lower parts, and also the upper tail- 

 coverts, have black i^ shafts. It measures as follows: Wing, 13.70: culmen, 1.26; tarsus, 

 2.60; middle toe, 2.10. 



