LARTD^— THE GtTLLS AND TEENS. 235 



Larus {Chroicocephalus) franklinii Bbvce, J.f. 0. 1855,289.— OOUES, B. N. W. 1874,653. 

 Ohroicocephalus tranklinii Lawr. in Baird's B. N. Am. 1858,851.— Baibd, Cat. N. Am. B. 

 1859. No. 668.— COUES, 2d Cl-eok List, 1882, No. 787. 

 Larun pipixcan Waol. Isis, 1841,515. 

 ■Larus cucullatus Light. Nomenol. 1851,S8 no description). (Mexico.) 



Larus {Chroicocephalus) cucullatus Beuoh, J. f, O. 1855, 290.- Lawb. in Baird's B. N 

 Am. 1858. 851.— Baied. Cat. N. A m. B. 18.';9, No. 669. 

 Larus cinereocaudiitus Phil & Lands. Wiegoa. Arohlv. 1861. 293 (Chill). 

 ? Larus {.Ohroicocephalus) kittlilzii Bbuch, J. f. 0. 1853.104. 

 Chroicocephalus schimperi Bbuoh. 1. o. (not of Schleo., 1863,1 whioh=i. saundersi 



SWINHOB). 



Hab. The interior of North America, ohlffly the Mi-sissippl Valley and northward, 

 breeding from Dakota, Minnesota, etn., northward; Central and South America, during mi- 

 grations, as far as ChiU: part of the West Indies. , 



Bp. Chab. Adult, in summer: Head and upper part of the neck plumbeou^-black 

 (more plumbeous anteriorly); an elongated white spot on each eyelid; lower part of the 

 neck (all round), entire lower parts, lower part of the rump, and upper tall coverts snow- 

 whitp, the neck and lower parts with a deep tinge of delicate rose-pink in fresh specimens. 

 Mantle deep bluish plumbeous, a little lighter than in L. atricilla, the secondaries and ter- 

 tlals broadly tipped with white. Tail while, the four to six central feathers tingpd wi'hpale 

 grayish blue, deepest on the intermedisB. Primaries bluish gray, the shaf is white, the five 

 outer Quills marked with a subterminal space of black, varying in extent from nearly 2.00 

 Inches on the second qtuill to about .50 on the fifth, oaoh quill broadly tipped with white, 

 this occupying on the first about 1.50 inches of the terminal portion, on the rest less than 

 .60 of an inch, the bluish gray of the basal portion of the quills becoming nearly or quite 

 white adjoining the black, and the shaft of the black portion also black; remaining quills light 

 grayish blue, broadly, but not abruptly, tipped wilh white, ihe sixth sometimes marked 

 with a subterminal black spot or bar. Bill de p red, with a more or less distinct darker 

 subterminal band; eyelidsred; feetdeepred. Adult, in jpinter: Similar, but head and 

 neck white, the occiput, with orbital and auricular regions grayish dusky. Bill and feet 

 browuish, the former tipped with orange-reddish. Young, first plumage: Top and sides 

 of the head (except forehead and lores), back, and scapulars grayish brown, th longer 

 scapulars bordered terminally with pale grayish buff; wing-coverts bluish gray, tinged 

 with grayish brown; secondaries dusky, edged with pale gi ayifh blue, and broadly tipped 

 with white; primaries dusky, the innermost ones more pmmbeous, all rather broadly tipped 

 with white. Central portion of therump uniform light bluish gray; lateral and posterior 

 portions of the rump, upper tail-coverts, entire lower parts, forehead, lores, and eyelids 

 white. Bill brownish, dusky terminally ; feet brown (in skin). 



Total length, about 14.00 inches ; extent, 35.00: wing, 11.25; oulmen, 1.30; depth of bill 

 through nostrils, .35; tarsus, 1.60; middle toe, with olaw. 1.60. 



Larus ph.iladelph.ia (Ord). 



BONAFABTE'S GITIL. 



Sterna Philadelphia Obd, Guthrie's Geog. 2d Am. ed. ii, 1815, 319. 



Chroicocephalus Philadelphia Lawr. in Baird's B. N. Am. 1858, 868.— BaIbd, Cat. N. Am. 

 B. 1859, No. 670,- Newton, P. Z, S. 1871, 27, pi. 4, fig. 6 (egg).— CoUES, Proo. Acad. Nat. 

 Sei..Phila. 1862, 310; 2a Check List, 1882, No. 788.— Eidgw. Orn. 40ih Par. 1-77, 639. 

 Larus Philadelphia Gbat, List Brit. B. 1863, 235 (Great Britain).— Coues, Key, 1872,316; 

 Check List, 1873, No. 556.-B. B. & K. Water B. N. Am. ii, 1884, 260.-A. 0. 0. Check 

 List, 1886, No. 60.— Bioow. Mao. N. Am. B. 1387, 36. 



