48 THE RANGE OF THE CROSS8ILLS. 
Bicknell noted their presence in the Lower Hudson valley, 
and in April of the latter year found their nest. In the same 
article is noticed their occurrence about New York City in 
late spring and early summer, on Long Island in midsum- 
mer, and in the Bermudas from March to May (Bull. Nutt. 
Orn. Club, vol. v., pp. 7-11). Mr. E. W. Nelson, in his 
paper on “Birds of Northeastern Illinois,” read before the 
Essex Institute, Dec. 4, 1876, says this Crossbill was 
“formerly a common winter resident; now rare.” Messrs. 
Dury and Freeman (Jour. Cin. Soc, N. H., 1879, p. 4) note 
its occurrence at Westwood, O., in 1879. Dr. J. M. 
Wheaton (Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, 1879, p. 62) gives the fol- 
lowing account of the occurrence of the species in Ohio: 
“On the 18th of June last Mr. Charles Hinman killed one 
of these birds out of a flock of eight or, ten which visited the 
coniferous trees in his garden in this city [Columbus]. The 
specimen which came into my possession by the kindness of 
Mr. Oliver Davie was a male, not in full plumage. I have 
since learned that the Red Crossbill has remained during 
the season in the vicinity of Cleveland in considerable 
numbers, and is reported to have nested there.” In com- 
menting on this note (Ohio Geol. Survey, vol. iv., Zodlogy 
and Botany, p. 317), Dr. Wheaton says: “I was unable to 
learn whether its nest had been actually discovered,” and 
adds: “It has been known to nest in Indiana within a few 
years.” I regret that I have been unable to get any clew 
to the authority upon which this statement is made. Prof, 
A. J. Cooke, in writing of the birds of Michigan, says of the 
American Crossbill: “Occasional in summer. Dr. H. A. 
Atkins took nests of this species at Locke, July 13, 1880.” 
It had previously been reported as breeding in Minnesota. 
In July and August, 1880, they were noted at Rugby, Tenn. 
(Oologist, vol. v., p. 78; Bull, Nutt. Orn. Club, vol. vi., p. 56). 
Dr. C. H. Merriam notes it as an ‘abundant resident ” in the 
Adirondack region. He saysitis “rather scarce and ir- 
regular in summer, but the commonest bird in winter and 
