PAUL LEVERKUHN, M.D. 203 
of Berlin; August von Pelzeln, of Vienna; Leonhard Stej- 
neger, of Washington ; J. V. Barboza du Bocage, of Lisbon, 
Dr. M. Menzbier, of Moscow; and others. As a member of 
a museum one has often a good opportunity of making a scien- 
tific voyage—compare the life-histories of Th. Von Heuglin, 
Dr. J. Biittikofer, Meves, and the long series of travelers 
who published reports on such voyages as those of the Coquille, 
Beagle, Erebus and Terror, Astrolabe, Novara, Challenger, 
Plankton, etc. We may add those travelers who made their 
long voyages in the discovery of unknown countries, Voz/a— 
a long list of African explorers, many of whom were 
sacrificed to science: Edouard Riippell, Francois Levail- 
lant, R. Vierthaler, Baron J. W. Von Miiller, Brehm, 
Fischer, Emin Pasha, and others. Photographs of many of 
these men are very rare, and I am the happy owner of the 
only copy of a portrait which exists of poor Vierthaler, who 
traveled with A. E, Brehm, and was drowned in the 
cataracts of the Nile. 
The field ornithologist knows no danger; he climbs the 
highest pines, he traverses the darkest forests, he crosses the 
largest seas, and he suffers any illness, fatigue, or hardship 
incident to his enterprises. We see the old Halmgrimsson 
in the cold meadows of Iceland, E. L. Layard among the 
Boers of South Africa, F. H. Von Kittlitz circumnavigating 
the globe, and Briiggemann mounting the unknown hills of 
Jara. We admire the energy of Dr. Gustav Ferdinand 
Radde and Schrenck on their explorations in Russia; of 
John Wolley, who thrice left comfort and civilized life to 
find the eggs of the Waxwing (Ampelis garrulus) in the 
desert plains of Finland, and we are happy to accompany, 
in reading their interesting sketches, the travelers, T. H. 
Kriiper to the old God’s home, Olympos; Brehm to the 
vast tundras; Schauer to the retired Karpathian moun- 
tains; N. Severtzoff in the Transcaspian and Uralasian 
countries; and -Pére David among the Chinese. Other 
travelers are fortunate enough to be able to spend their 
