56 



other reasons were put forward for its cultivation 

 as, for instance, in the case of Pungens and 

 Sitkcsnsis, its needle-like equipment which serves 

 as a protection against damage by the denizens of 

 the forest. Then, again, along with these motives 

 for cultivation, which are quite incontestable from 

 the sylvicultural economic point of view, its ad- 

 vantages as regards rapid growth, resistance to 

 frost, &c., have been dwelt upon, and, in fact, 

 there was an idea that in these spruces a class of 

 timber had been obtained which could be raised 

 in mountainous regions beyond the limits of our 

 own spruce. In Prussia about 63 hectares of 

 Sitka spruce have been planted with very success- 

 ful results, it having been introduced into most 

 localities of the warmer forest zone. Pungens is 

 considered very hardy against frost, and is, 

 moreover, much appreciated as an ornamental* 

 tree. 



47. Pinus jeffreyi, Engelm., Jeffrey's Pine, 



Black Pine. 



48. Pinus ponderosa, Lawson, Yellow Pine, 



Bull Pine, 

 , 49. Pinus scopulorum, Lemon. 



These three species, which in their botanical 

 characteristics are closely related but yet suffi- 

 ciently distinct from each other to be such, are 



