8i 



pine plantations on really good soils. Its culti- 

 vation is simple and easy. The thinning should 

 be light, removing all crooked or poor material 

 at the right time. In Germany this juniper can- 

 not be classed as a commercial tree, 



30. Picea alba. 



Displays the same attitude towards the 

 European spruce as the balsam fir does to 

 the Central European variety. In America it 

 may be cultivated and raised on the same prin- 

 ciples which govern European foresters in regard 

 to their spruces. It has no forestal value in 

 Germany. 



3 1 . Pinus banksiana. 



The attempts at growing this tree, to which 

 Mayr's investigations made in its native localities 

 gave rise, have fully answered all expectations. 

 This very rapidly growing species of timber is 

 absolutely frost hardy, so that it will exist under 

 the extremest conditions of temperatures (ex- 

 posed areas, waste lands, &c.). It is superior 

 to all other kinds of trees (even to the rest of the 

 pines) on the poorest, driest, sandy, and gravelly 

 soils, and in swampy districts is more useful than 

 the European marsh pine. Its high value for 

 the afforestation of waste lands, the formation of 

 protective or "fore" forest, for fixing the soil 



F 



