89 



localities where the area of distribution of oak 

 predominates. Starting from that point, it seeks 

 the warmest localities with fresh to moist soil- 

 In the colder zones it gives the preference to 

 the ordinary forest soils for oak and beech, and 

 even on the pine soils of Class I., II., and III. 

 On pine soils under Class III. it is of no use 

 whatever. Being absolutely frost-hardy, it is, 

 consequently, suitable for the afforestation of 

 damp localities on river banks and for prepara- 

 tory cultivation in frost-visited localities, where 

 it acts as a nurse for other tender pine species. 

 It has proved its value in filling up spaces in 

 conifer plantations, for underplanting among 

 common pines on soils of Class I. to III. ; 

 for planting out in groups of small extent, for 

 the underplanting of light-demanding broad- 

 leaved trees and between ashes, among which 

 it at first equals but afterwards surpasses in 

 growth. Among the dangers which threaten 

 this pine may be mentioned blister rust, to the 

 investigation and suppression of which Prof. 

 Dr. V. Tubeuf has devoted the greatest atten- 

 tion. This fungus attacks young plants from 

 about their fourth year of existence, up to which 

 time the strobus does not appear to have any 

 fungoid enemies, as it does not fall a prey to 

 the dangerous Lophodermium pinastri. On the 

 other hand, the Weymouth pine is attacked up to 



