426 GENETICS IN RELATION TO AGRICULTURE 
handling of thousands of cultures each year (in 1912 there were over 9500 
numbers in the trial plots) has required the devising of many practical 
arrangements to insure exactness and order. Each distinct strain that 
has been retained for more extensive trials is regarded as an established 
variety. Hybridization of cereals had been started at Svalof upon rather 
‘ACCESSION io. BEAN VARIETY SOURCE YEAR 
\ 
jCLASS Relative development of sample 
Phaseolus vulgaris, P. lunatus, iP, coceinews. —Vigaa ‘Vicia faba. Pole, bush, Snap, green shelled, field. good medium poor 
DATE 
Seed planted replanted __ plants up Pods fit for snaps past ase snaps fit for green shelled past use shelled ripe Rotes taken 
PLANT (rust resistant) Stems 
small large erect spreading unproductive unhealthy? _—few many short long __ stout slender, Take pole well__Ught dark yellow green 
Leaves Flowers 
small large thin thick smodth rough _ light dark yellowish green red purple. small large, white light dark yellow red purple, Single, in pairs 
Fruiting habit 
fo small large clusters _well above, half hidden by follage. Pods set poorly freely, through early late __— short long season __usoally single 
fa pairs fn small large compact loose clusters near center outside of plant resting on well above soll. 
PODS AS SNAPS (side bearing beans) Cross section 
short long _stout slender. Ventral suture straight concave near stem center point ___— convex near stem center point. _flat oval round broad 
Point 
full crease backed. From back center of pod short long __ thick slender _straight curved forward backwards light dark green war like 
Surface of pod 
smooth rough __little much diseased?__—Ilght dark bright dull white yellow green wax like _ evenly self colored little much marked with? 
Sctores Walls of pod 
indistinct Uighter darker. _—thin thick —_—fleshy dry__—sbrittle tough _—iittle much fiber in sides much little no string in back when young 
much little no string when old. Pods long usable soon past use as strings, fade and wilt” quickly slowly. 
PODS AS GREEN SHELLED 
short long slender thick _stralght curved? full constricted between beans. Contain to __—_—beans, loose crowded in pod 
Bean 
hot on central line few many blasts small large short long flat thick round bright dull white light dark green, marked with? 
Green shelled beans cooked DRY BEANS ‘Shape (long section) 
tough tender Juicy dry mealy poor good flavor 1m attractive color. Thrash out easy hard, short long round oval cylindrical 
Cross section Color 
Kidsey shaped, full at eye. Ends round truncate _un symmetrical. thin thick flat oval round un symmetrical. __—_dull bright white black 
2 Ught dark ted yellow brown self colored little much eyed dotted striped mottled with? 
VARIETY Bot. spec. taken by. Photo made by. No. aegative. 
not distinct ke tral No. __—_destrable for? not suited for? 
TES 
for use of signs.—Words are to be erased, 
Fo, | Yar auality of stock Market quality of beans slgns, words, and references to notes written In so as to leave 
DATE | Plaats Ro. pods Ist quality | No. pods 2d quality | No. pods ansalable as fall description of stock as possible. Use + to signify a 
ex- No. | No. | Rot 
amined | extra | fair | true 
high and — a low development of quality: A signifies vari- 
able; U, uniform. A connecting loop between two words 
slgnifles that stock {s Intermediate or variable between (he 
connected words with more or less tendency toward the qual- 
ity indicated by the shorter arm of the loop, A circle inclos- 
ing a sign sigaifies an exceptional or phenomenal degree. A 
large circle over a quality slgnifies that no record has been 
made of that quality. When space is not sufficient for 
destred record, as in cases where ? Us inserted, rcfer by letter 
to notes. 
Snap | Cf. | Drv | Soap | 0% | Dry | Soap | o%, | Dev 
Fie. 173.—Variety description blank for beans used by the Bureau of Plant Industry, 
U.S. Department of Agriculture. (Other face shown in Fig. 174.) 
an extensive scale previous to 1900 but it had not given encouraging 
results. After the announcement of Mendel’s discovery this phase of 
the work was greatly enlarged, particularly with wheat and oats by 
Nilsson-Ehle. Through the application of Medelian principles new varie- 
ties of these cereals have been produced which combine general good 
qualities with cold-resistance or earliness which makes them better 
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