CONDUCTING BREEDING INVESTIGATIONS 597 
Cruickshank bull Champion of England is the striking feature of his 
pedigree. : 
The criticism of the above pedigree is not, it should be clearly under- 
stood, directed at the method of recording pedigrees in the American 
Shorthorn Herd-book, although it is a fair statement to make that the 
method that has since been employed of recording simply the name of 
sire and dam is more economical and just as satisfactory. Even by the 
old method, however, the pedigrees are so recorded that the entire set 
of ancestors may be determined. The point, however, is simply this, 
that such pedigrees should not be used as standards of judgment of 
ancestry, but rather those of the type shown in Fig. 230. 
Fig. 231.—Tilly Alcartra. No. 123459, Holstein. Production for one year, 30451.4 lb. 
milk containing 951.2 lb. butter fat (average test 3.12 per cent.). 
The addition of other data to the pedigree indicative of the value 
from a breeding or productive standpoint of the animals therein listed 
adds greatly to its value, particularly to the new breeder who is not yet 
fully familiar with the great names of breed history. The pedigree of 
Tilly Alcartra 123,459, the record-breaking Holstein-Friesian cow por- 
trayed in Fig. 231, is given in Fig. 230 along with data relative to the 
performance and breeding value of the animals whose names appear 
in the pedigree. A pedigree worked out like this one is a much safer 
guide in judging merit than one which gives data proving that the animal 
in question traced in the fourteenth generation three times to some 
famous sire of ancient history. Performance should be insisted upon all 
along the line, and when three or four generations of some subdivision 
-in-a notable line fail to bring forth performing individuals, it is high time 
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