APPENDIX, xi 
Replum. The frame-like placenta left by the falling away 
of the valves in Cruciferz. 
Retrorse. Turned back or downward. 
Revolute. With the margin or apex rolled backward. 
Rhizome. An underground, somewhat horizontal, root- 
ing stem. 
Ringent. Gaping; applied to labiate flowers with open 
throats. 
Rostrate. Beaked. 
Rotate. Wheel-shaped. 
Rugose. Wrinkled ; ridged. 
Runcinate. Deeply-toothed or lobed, with the segments 
directed backwards. 
Saccate. Sac-shaped. 
Samara. Aun indehiscent, membraneously-winged fruit, 
as in the ash and maple. 
Sagittate. Shaped like an arrow-head. 
Scabrous. Rough to the touch, with minute rigid points. 
Scape. A naked peduncle rising from the ground. 
Scapigerous. Producing scapes. 
Scarious. Thin, dry and membranaceous. 
Schizocarp. An ovary which divides into its component 
parts, each part usually remaining closed over its seed. 
Secund. One-sided. 
Septicidal Opening through the lines of junction of the 
carpels. 
Septifragal. Breaking away from the partitions in de- 
hiscence. 
Serrate. Having teeth directed forward, like those of a 
saw. 
Serrulate. Finely serrate. 
Sessile. Without footstalk. 
Setaceous. Bristle-like. 
Siliculosa. Short cruciferous pod, as Capsella. 
Siliquosa. Long cruciferous pod, as in mustard. 
Sinuate. With a strongly wavy margin. 
