C COMMERCIAL BOTANY. 



1807. — About this time attention tegan to be directed by the Indian 

 Government to the introduction and cultiration of Ipeca- 

 cuanha in India. 

 Eoffia [Saphia F.uffia) introduced for tying plants about this 



time. 

 Betel nuts [Areca Catechu) first used in medicine. 

 1868. — Botanical source of Zanzibar Anime determined. 

 1809. — Sumbul plant [Ferula Sumbul) discovered in Samarkand. 



Cofiee plantations attacked in Ceylon by Hemileia vaatatrix. 

 1870. — Jalap (Ipomtea purga) first cultivated in India. 

 Strophanthus first brought to notice. 

 Telfairea occidentalis seeds first received at Liverpool as oil 



Ispaghul (Plantago ovata or Ispagliula) introduced. 



Quantities of red cinchona bark from Darjiling arrive in the 

 London market. 

 1871- — Cundurango [Marsdenia curtdurango) introduced for the cure of 



cancer. 

 1873. — Para rubber plants [Hevea brasiUemis) introduced to India, 



Pituri [Duboisia Sopwoodi) introduced to medicine. 



Mhemn officinale introduced to cultivation in tliis country. 



Mahogany {Swietenia Maliagoni) introduced for cultivation in 

 India. 



Experiments made at Chatham vrith a paint prepared with 

 Euphorbia juice. 

 1874. — Ciimamodendron eorticosum flowered for the first time in Eng- 

 land at Royal Botanic Gardens, Regent's Park. 



Coca [Erythroxylon Coca) first brought prominently to notice 

 in this coimlry. 



Goa powder {Andira Araroba), Jaborandi {Pilocarpus peiinali- 

 folius), Boldo (Femniis Boldus), and Damiaaa {Tiimera dif- 

 fusa) introduced to medicine. 



Liberian coffee (Coffea liberica) introduced for cultivation in 

 Jamaica, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, Dominica, Mont- 

 serrat, New Granada, Eio de Janeiro, Mauritius, Nutal, 

 Ceylon, East Indies, and Java. 

 1875. — Paper first made from Bamboo. 



Algaroba (Cccsalpinia brevifolia) introduced for tanning. 



Sumbul plant flowered at JIoscow, and scientific name deter- 

 mined. 



Seeds of Central American rubber plants (Castiloa) collected 

 for transmission to India. 



