176 THE PLUMS OF NEW YORK. 



Tree of medium size and vigor, upright-spreading, open-topped, hardy, productive, 

 an early bearer, subject to sun-scald; branches ash-gray, rather smooth, with few, 

 small lenticels; branchlets short, with very short internodes, greenish-red changing 

 to brownish-red, dull, sparingly pubescent throughout the season, with few incon- 

 spicuous, small lenticels; leaf -buds below medium in size, short, obtuse, free, plump. 



Leaves folded upward, oval, one and five-eighths inches wide, three inches long; 

 upper surface somewhat rugose, covered with numerous, fine hairs, with a shallow 

 groove on the midrib; lower surface silvery-green, pubescent; apex abruptly pointed 

 or acute, base acute, margin crenate, with small black glands; petiole one-half inch 

 long, green, pubescent, with from one to three medium to large, globose, brownish 

 glands mostly at the base of the leaf. 



Blooming season intermediate in time and length; flowers appearing after the leaves, 

 one inch across, white with a yellowish tinge at the apex of the petals; borne on lateral 

 spurs, singly or in pairs; pedicels five-eighths inch long, with a few scattering 

 hairs, green; caljrx-tube greenish, campanulate, sparingly pubescent; calyx-lobes 

 obtuse, pubescent on both surfaces, glandular-serrate, somewhat reflexed; petals roimd- 

 ish, crenate, tapering to short, broad claws: anthers yellow; filaments three-eighths 

 inch long; pistil glabrous, slightly shorter or equal to the stamens in length. 



Fruit earlier than Italian Prune; about one and one-half inches in diameter, round- 

 ish, compressed, halves equal; cavity very shallow, abrupt, narrow, regular; suture 

 shallow; apex roundish, with a slight depression at the pistil-point; color dark purpHsh- 

 black, with thick bloom; dots small, russet, somewhat conspicuous, clustered about 

 the apex; stem five-eighths inch long, sparingly pubescent, parting readily from the 

 fruit; skin thick, tough, sour, adhering but httle; flesh attractive yellow, juicy, firm, 

 sweet, pleasant flavor; very good; stone free, the cavity larger than the pit, three- 

 quarters inch by one-half inch in size, irregular-oval, the surface distinctly roughened 

 and pitted; ventral suture swollen, rather narrow, often with a wing; dorsal suture 

 with a shallow, narrow, indistinct groove. 



CHENEY 



Prunus nigra 



I. Wis. Hon. Soc. Rpt. 15, 38. 1885. 2. Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 126. 1890. 3. Cornell Sta. 

 Bui. 38:36, 86. 1892. 4. la. Sta. Bui. 31:346. 1895. 5. Wis. Sta. Bui. 63:24, 31 fig. 13. 1897. 

 6. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 24. 1897. 7. Card. & For. 10:367. 1897. 8. Colo. Sta. But. 50:33. 1898. 

 9. Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 412. 1899. 10. Waugh Plum Cult. 169. 1901. 11. Budd-Hansen Am. 

 Hort. Man. 2g4. 1903. 12. Can. Exp. Farm Bui. 43:2g. 1903. 13. la. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 48S. 1904. 

 14. Ohio Sta. Bui. 162:254, 255. 1905. 15. S. Dak. Sta. Bui. 93:11. 1905. 16. la. Sta. Bui. 

 114:129. igio. 

 Cherry 16 incor. 



Cheney is of little value except towards the northern limits of fniit 

 culture in America where, because of its great hardiness, it is a most desir- 

 able fruit -plant. Of the varieties illustrated and described among the lead- 

 ing plums in this text, Cheney is the sole representative of Prunus nigra, 



