Perching Birds Marked With Red 



d98- Red-winged Blackbird {jlgdaim phmnicaus). 

 L. c?, 9-S; W. 4-7; B. .88; depth at base, .5. /id. ,f. 

 Black, in winter more or less tipped with rusty; lesser 

 wing-cnverts scarlet; median wing-coverts huff, tips in 

 summer whitish. Ad. p. Above brownish black, 

 widely margined with huffy and rusty; below whitish 

 heavily streaked with black; throat tinged with orange 

 or yellow; lesser wing-coverts tinged with red. Yng. 

 (^. Similar to Ad. A', but heavily margined with rusty 

 above and less so below; lesser wing-coverts duller and 

 narrowly edged with black. Notes. Call, chM, ck&rJt, 

 a reedy each\ song, a chorus song, a liquid kong qucr-ree\ 

 alarm note a shrill chee-e-e-e-e. The notes of this species 

 are subject to much variation with locality, but 1 find 

 it impossible to express on paper differences perfectly 

 apparent when heard. 



Range- — EasKm North America; breeds from Gulf of Mexico north 

 to New Brunswick and Manitobaj winters from Virginia and southern 

 Illinois southward. 



498a. Sonoran Red-wing {^.p. sonoriMisis). Sim- 

 ilar to No, 49S, but larger, bill more slender; $ paler, 

 Streaking below browner. W- ?, 4-8; B .95; depth at 

 base .5. 



Range. — Lower Colorado Valley In Callfurnla and Arizona, T^uuthem 

 Arizona and ^uulii uvi^r CO.JSt t'^'^hi of Sonora; Cape St. Lucab. 



498b. Bahaman Red-wing iA. p. Iryanti). Simi- 

 lar to No. 498, but bill slightly longer, the female 

 streaked below with brownish instead of black. 



Ranee.— Bahamas and southern Florida, 



498c. Florida Red-wing (A. p. fioridanus). Simi- 

 lar to No. 498, but smaller, the bill longer and more 

 slender; (j^, W. 4.2; B. .9; depth at base .4> 



Range.— Florida, except extreme southern portion; west along 

 Gulf iisast to Texas. 



498d, Thick-billed Red-wing {A. p.fortis). Simi- 

 lar to No. 498, but larger, bill shorter and proportion- 

 ately thicker. W. 5; B. .8; depth at base .5. 



Range.— Breeds on Mackenzie River, Athabasca, and other Interior 

 districts of British America; during' migrations Great Plains, from 

 Rocltlesto IWlnnesota, Iowa, western Hllnois, northern Kentuck)', and 

 southwest to western Texas and Arizona. (RIdgway.) 



498e. San Diego Red-wing (^A. p. niutralis). Sim- 

 ilar to No. 498a, but slightly smaller, the ? with 

 streaks below wider. W. 4.7; B. .95; depth at base .5. 



Range.— Great Basin region from southern British Columbia south 

 to Mexico, western Texas, to southern California and northern Lower 

 California; in winter as far east as Brownsville. Texft5. (Ridgway.) 



498f. Northwestern Red-wing (A. p. caunnum). 

 Similar to No. 498, but slightly larger, bill somewhat 

 longer and more slender, the r? with median wing- 

 coverts deeper buff, the 9 much darker, streaks be- 

 low wider, darkest 9 of group. W. 4.8; B. .9; depth 

 at base .45. 



Range. — Pacific coast from northern California to British Columbia; 

 south In winter to southirn California. 



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