Perching Birds Chiefly Gray, Black, or Black and White 



i86. American Raven [Corvus corax, sinuatm) . L. 

 24;W. 16; B. 2.7. '4ds. Resembling Nu. 488, in 

 color b'Jt glossier below and with the feathers of throat 

 narrow and lengthened; nape feathers gray at base. 

 Notes. A hoarse, croaking, craack-craack, sometimes a 

 deep, grunting hoeer-koieT\ a ducking, and a metallic 



Uunk. (Bendire.) 



Rargc— Western North America, from Guatemala north to British 

 Columbia; east to the Roeltles, west to Pacific. 



486a. Northern Raven fc. c. principalis). 

 to No. 486^ but larger, L. 25; W. 17; B. 3, 



Similar 



Range. — Eiaslem North America, from mouiit^Ui^ of iioi'tijeni 

 GeotKJa and coast of Main*, north tO Greenland; west lo the Rotky 

 Mountains. 



487. White-necked R3vcn iQorvus cryptoleucus). L. 

 18.5. Ads. Biue-black; feathers of throat narrow 

 and lengthened and with feathers of neck all around, 

 ■wbiU at the base. Notes. Kivank-kwank, less loud and 

 penetrating than those of No. 486. (Bendire.) 



Range.— Northern Mexico, north lo iveslerii Kansas, eastern Color- 

 ado (rarely), and southern California; east to western Texas. 



488. American Crow (Corvus americamis'^. L. 10.3; 

 W. 12. i; B. 2.00. Black with steel-blue or deep, 



Iiurplish reflections; below duller, neck feathers not 

 engthened. Not^s. Caw, caw, with many variations; 

 song, oar-r-r-uck, oa-oo-oo-oo-ah. 



Range. — North America, norili to Arctic Circle; winters from north- 

 ern United Slate* soulhward; iocalin wesl. 



488a, Ftopida Crow CC. fl. pascuus'). Similar to 

 No. 488, but wings and tail somewhat shorter, bill and 

 ■feet slightly larger, W. 12; T. 7.3; B. 2.1. 



Range.— Florida. 



489. Northwest Crow {Corvus caurinus). Similar 

 to No. 488 in color but smaller; L. 16; W. n; B. 1.7. 



R«ng^.— Northwest coast, from Oregnn tn Kadlak Island, Alaska. 



490. Fish Crow (Coruas os^ifragus). L. 16; W. 

 11; B. 1.5. Ads. Resemble No. 488, in color, but back 

 leathers are uniform blue-black zvithout dull margins; 

 underparts are nearly as bright as upperparts. Notes. 

 A hoarse, nasal, reedy car resembling the call of tha 

 young of No. 488. •' 



Ranee.—Atlantlc coast north to Connecticut, (casually Massachu- 

 setts) ,west along Gulf coast to Louls.'ana; resident, excepl at northe, n 

 limit of range. 



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