73 PEEMANENT AND TEMPOEAEY PASTUEES. 



widely recognised as indispensable for alternate husbandry, in- 

 stead of being restricted to permanent pastures alone. 



Trifolium pratense perenne differs from Broad Clover in 

 having a somewhat taller, smoother, and except in its very 

 young state a less hairy stem, and a stronger, less fibrous, and 

 more penetrating root. It carries its flowers some way above 

 the foliage, surpasses Broad Clover in succulence and weight of 

 crop, and stands frosts much better. 



The root of Perennial Eed Clover reaches down into the 

 subsoil, enabling it to obtain moisture and nourishment in the 

 hottest weather, when Eed Clover gives up from drought. This 

 penetrating habit also affords a means of sustenance to the plant 

 on land which is too poor to grow Broad Clover, and frequently 

 makes it desirable to increase the proportion of this seed for 

 pastures on thin uplands. 



Perennial Eed Clover has two characteristics which greatly 

 augment its value : flowering does not begin until at least ten 

 days later than Broad Clover, and the more robust and solid 

 stems remain succulent and eatable by stock long after Broad 

 Clover has become pithy and withered. Perennial Eed Clover 

 fills up the gap between the first and second cuttings of Broad 

 Clover, coming into use at a time when no other green food 

 is available for the horses of the farm, but it rarely gives a second 

 crop of any consequence. 



Cow Grass produces comparatively little seed from its single 

 crop ; whereas Eed Clover yields a good crop of seed from the 

 second cutting, after the first has been taken as fodder. Conse- 

 quently seed of the perennial variety is necessarily high in price. 



It is worth noting that Cow Grass is understood on Mark 

 Lane, and in many parts of England, to mean no more than 

 a fine handsome sample of Broad Eed Clover. The true Per- 

 ennial Eed Clover is rarely obtainable except from those who 

 make its culture a study. And, just as all Eye Grass has been 

 condemned because the annual variety has been used where only 

 the perennial kind should have been employed, so true Cow 



