120 PEEMANENT AND TEMPOEAEY PASTIJEES. 



begin to go back through scarcity of food. Then a supply 

 from the mangel clamp, or from a few acres of cabbage or 

 thousand-headed kale, will prove a boon indeed. 



When sheep begin to graze in mixed pastures they will 

 probably keep the plant down close ; but, as herbage grows 

 more rapidly, young horned stock should be added, so as to feed 

 down the rising culms and flower stalks which the sheep pass 

 by. Sometimes neither sheep nor bullocks wiU eat the stems 

 of Cocksfoot, and then it is necessary to run the mower over 

 the pasture to prevent a copious seeding of this grass, which, 

 however valuable in suitable proportions, is on certain soils a 

 great pest when allowed to predominate. I have known cattle 

 to derive benefit from grazing in one pasture by day and being 

 turned into a different field at night, and it is interesting to 

 note the eagerness which stock soon display for this change in 

 their run. 



A pasture specially adapted for fattening bullocks should 

 not, as a rule, have a sheep upon it ; and a perfect sheep pasture 

 should never have the grass long enough to feed a bullock ; but 

 from an ordinary pasture, devoted to mixed stock, probably the 

 aggregate produce will not be utilised except by a judicious 

 combination of horned stock, horses, and sheep. The grazier 

 affords clear evidence of his skill by the manner in which he takes 

 advantage of the special characteristics of every separate field 

 as the seasons vary. In so proportioning stock as to feed the 

 crop down evenly he benefits the pasture, and by changing the 

 animals from field to field a difference of diet is ensured, for 

 scarcely any two pastures produce exactly the same herbage. 

 Each animal has its own likes and dishkes, but between them 

 they are pretty sure to clear the crop. Calves need the best 

 grass that can be given them, and they generally thrive better 

 alone than in company with other animals. Cows and sheep 

 feed better together than do fat bullocks and sheep, and this 

 mixture of stock is exceedingly good for the grass. But a first- 

 rate bullock pasture is not certain to be a suitable place for milch 



