136 PEEMANENT AND TEMPOEAEY PASTUEES. 



principal object is to ensure heavy crops, and this can only be 

 done by an almost exclusive use of the stronger-growing grasses 

 and clovers. 



Temporary pastures are almost invariably sown with spring 

 corn, and they require substantially the same treatment as per- 

 manent pastures, although, as the varieties are strong growers, 

 there is not quite the same necessity for extreme caution in pre- 

 paring the land; but even here laxity and carelessness entail a 

 sufficiently heavy penalty. 



A temporary pasture may, in a genial, showery summer, 

 afford a valuable bite for horned stock soon after the corn is 

 cut ; and as the grasses are robust and comparatively coarse, 

 although none the less nourishing on that account, they will 

 not be injured by the hoofs of the cattle. The rolhng should be 

 done in November, instead of waiting until spring. Supposing 

 stock to be kept off the ground, and the autumn to prove warm 

 and genial, it will sometimes be possible by the end of October to 

 get a cut of useful green food. 



The pasture needs bush-harrowing and rolhng down early 

 in spring before being laid in for hay. The first year's crop 

 will mainly consist of Eye Grasses and Clovers, but the bottom 

 of a three or four years' ley may be expected to improve for at 

 least two years, and the Foxtail, Timothy, Cocksfoot, TaU Oat 

 Grass, and other plants, will increase in bulk in the third and 

 fourth seasons. 



A heavy dressing of cake-fed farm-yard manure applied 

 towards the close of the year will pay well. Nothing improves 

 artificial grasses so much, and there must be no niggardliness in 

 its use. The fresher the manure when placed on the ground, and 

 the less it has been allowed to ferment, the better the grass will 

 thrive. In the Kidmore grass experiments good results were 

 also obtained from a dressing of one hundredweight of nitrate 

 of soda, with three-quarters of a hundredweight of muriate of 

 potash, given in alternate years. 



