INTRODUCTORY ESSAY. 203 



the elevation of the latter is 7000-8000 feet ; a little further 

 north it rises at Nagkunda to 9300, and to 10,700 at the Peak 

 of Hattu. Chor mountain, situated on a branch of the main 

 chain, only thirty miles from the plains, and a well known 

 botanical habitat, is 13,100 feet, and is one of the most re- 

 markable isolated peaks in the Himalaya. The bed of the 

 Satlej is everywhere very low, being at Belaspur 1500, and at 

 Eampur 3300 feet. 



The flora of Simla may be considered as exceedingly weU 

 known ; it presents a considerable proportion of Eastern 

 Himalayan plants that do not appear to cross the Satlej 

 basin, and a smaller one proportionally of western species not 

 found in Garhwal. 



Western Species. 

 Thalictrum pedtmculatmn. Adonis astwalis. 



Eastern Species. 



Clematis nutans. Antiiesiaa, panioulatum. 



Thalictrum rostellatv/m. Betula cylindrostach/a. 



Eanunculus diffusus. Alnus Nipalensis. 



Delphinium vestittim. Myrica sapida. 



Sphserostemma grandiflorum. Cupressus torulosa. 



Stephania rotunda. Potentilla ^wZyews. 

 Hollbollia latifolia. „ leuconotJia. 



Dicentra Roylei. „ Kleiniana. 



^enthaxaiafraffifera. Sibbaldia potentilloides. 



Daphne papyracea. Sieversia elata. 



Osyris arborea. Cerasus Puddwm. 



In the tropical valley of the Satlej the vegetation resembles 

 that of the outer hills, and dry country forms predominate, as 

 Colebrookia, Raettlera, and Euphorbia pentagona ; whilst Bam- 

 boos, Butea, ^gle Marmelos, Moringapterygosperma, Capparis 

 sepiaria, and Calotropis, seem altogether absent, or are very 

 rare. 



4. KuLU. 

 This i)roviuce consists of the mountain basin of the Beas, 



