236 FLORA INDICA. 



known, to China and the Khasia; whilst Helwingia, Micro- 

 ptelea, Corylopsis, Bucklandia, and Quercus serrata, though all 

 Chinese and Khasian, are also common to the Himalaya; and 

 Vaccinium bracteatum, as we have elsewhere said, is found 

 in China, the Khasia, and the Peninsula, but not in the Hi- 

 malaya. 



Podostemon is a remarkable genus, which is abundant in all 

 the Khasian streams, even in the most rapid currents covering 

 the stones in autumn with a bright green carpet. This genus 

 is even more abundant in the NUgiri and Ceylon streams, 

 and also found in Mishmi, but is quite unknown in the Hi- 

 malaya. 



Palms are very abundant in the Khasia, though much less 

 so than in the Malayan Peninsula and Eastern Archipelago. 

 We collected twenty-five species, belonging to the genera 

 Phosniw, Licuala,Areca,Arenga,Plectocomia, Calamus, Caryota, 

 ChawiABTops, and Wallichia. Of these the Chamarops is pro- 

 bably identical with the Nipal and Kumaon C. Martiana, 

 though not found in any intermediate part of the Himalaya. 

 Livistona, which is said to occur at the northern base of the 

 Khasia, is found no further west. 



There is only one pine in the Khasia mountains, Pinus Si- 

 nensis. This species is not known as a native of the Hima- 

 laya, but it is not impossible that it may occur in some parts 

 of Bhotan. It may be conjectured too that it also extends 

 into the mountains of the eastward, but we do not yet know 

 any details of its distribution. In the Khasia hills it is 

 not found in the very rainy southern districts, but becomes 

 common in the valley of the Boga Pani below Modong, and 

 thence extends throughout the range, and descends towards 

 Assam. The absence of Pinus longifolia is curious, as there 

 is nothing in the climate adverse to its growth ; but the ele- 

 vation is not sufficient to lead us to expect the occurrence of 

 any other of the Himalayan pines, or of the subalpine plants 

 which accompany them. The common yew is however found 

 at 5-0000 feet, and two species of Podocarpus occur on the 



