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wooded than Canada. We will glance a moment at what is told us of the forest when 

 the lumbermen have culled it. Here is one description by Mr. Ward, a Canadian 

 lumberman : — " To the uninitiated traveller through the woods, after the shantymen 

 have taken all they think worth taking, he would hardly notice that the chopper had been 

 there, except for seeing an occasional stump, a few chips, or the top of a tree." Now we 

 will take another, Mr. Smith, in the " Flora of Michigan" : — " The valuable trees were 

 felled years ago, and the lumberman moved on to fresh spoils, leaving behind an inextri- 

 cably confused mass of treetops, broken logs, and uprooted trunks. Blackberry canes 

 sprang up everywhere, forming a tangled thicket, and a few scattering poplar, birch, and 

 cherry trees serve for arboreal life, above which tower the dead pines, bleached in the 

 weather and blackened by fire, destitute of limbs, and looking at a distance not unlike 

 the masts of some great harbour. Thousands of such acres, repellant alike to botanist 

 and to settler, can be found in any of our northern counties." What we had better 

 conclude, I fancy, concerning the difference between the two, is that the second had 

 undergone a second and yet sharper and more reckless culling, after it had passed the 

 stage described by Mr. Ward. It is evident that the time has passed when it was a 

 matter of choice to attend to forest preservation in Ontario. If we are to retain any, it 

 is now an affair of immediate necessity. 



In fine, if we wait longer, our forests will be gone, and can then not be renewed, 

 except at the vast expense of time and money required in planting. 



If we move energetically now, we can preserve great forests, the maintenance of 

 which is most necessary to our prosperity, and shall also have time to plant, where no 

 other means exist. 



FOREST EXISTING IN ONTARIO COUNTIES. 



(Froin Agricultural Commission.) 



Prescott and Russell : — About forty-seven and a-half per cent, of the entire area is 

 under timber, consisting of hemlock, cedar, tamarack, beech, birch, elm, basswood, ash, 

 balsam, pine, spruce, walnut, butternut, whitewood, dogwood, soft maple, and red and 

 black cherry ; used principally for lumber, fencing, firewood, railway ties and saw logs. 



Glengarry, Siormont and Dundas .-—Probably about thirty per cent, of the entire 

 area of these counties is still timbered with hard and soft maple, beech, birch, ash, tama- 

 rack, elm, basswood, hemlock, spruce, balsam, and some pine ; used for fuel, lumber, 

 railway ties, telegraph posts and shingles. 



GarUton: — -About 287,000 acres of land in this county are still uncleared. 



Leeds and GrenvilU :— In all the townships, except South Burgess and North Crosby, 

 which have suffered from the ravages of bush fires, there is a large amouat of standing 

 timber, consisting mainly of hard and soft woods ; used for firewood, fencing, lumber, 

 buckets and pails. 



Zas?ia?'/i; .-—About twenty- four per cent, of the uncleared land is covered with timber 

 or bash. The timber is chiefly pine, beech, maple, basswood, ash, birch, cedar and tama- 

 rack. A considerable export trade in hardwood is carried on, and there is a large local 

 consumption for railway ties, fencing, fuel, etc. A great destruction of pine took place 

 from the great fire in 1870. 



Renfrew : — About forty-six per cent, of the entire area is still timbered. Red and 

 white pine exist in large quantities. There is also an abundant supply of ash, elm, 

 maple, basswood, spruce, cedar, tamarack, balsam, poplar, beech and hemlock. Lumberincr 



