17. 
poison properly applied will destroy them at their firat 
meal, 
CULTIVATION, 
If the trees are to make renewed growth, rapid heal- 
ing of the wounds, etc., it ig necessary that the soil 
be broken up, Thie may be accomplished in any way that 
will give the hest results. In ordinary cases where the 
e011 is of a fairly loose texture, a shallow plowing will 
accomplish best results. If care is used the root system 
need not be severely injured by this process, for it is 
only necessary to break up the sod covering. 
Where the trees are badly root bound in a heavy soil, 
or where the "hard pan“ comes close to the surface, the 
use of dynamite proves effective. In many of the Western 
orchards, even the young trees are planted only in holes 
which have been “shot", By this treatment the soil is 
loosened up and the roots find an ideal condition for 
absorption, it being not only easier to grow out into new 
food supplies, but the loosened soil is also more reten- 
tive of moisture. 
The shooting of an old orchard requires about four 
aticks of powder per tree. Bight holes should be made 
around the tree in a cirole, under the tips of the branches 
This may be done by forcing a bar down two or three feet 
into the soi] before it dries out in the epring. A half 
