12 THE BOOK OF SHRUBS 
fruit, which in the autumn change to a bright coral red 
colour and are very effective. Only suitable for large 
gardens, in which it should be assigned a position at 
the back of the borders. 
CatycantHus.—Although not particularly attractive 
in colour, the flowers are so delightfully fragrant as to 
fully justify the two species of calycanthus in cultiva- 
tion being grown in gardens where there is sufficient 
space for planting a somewhat comprehensive collection. 
They range from six to eight feet in height according to 
the conditions under which they are placed, and they are 
quite hardy. They will grow freely in any ordinary 
soil, but they prefer a position where they can have an 
abundance of moisture at the roots and enjoy partial 
shade. Hence they are well adapted for planting where 
the shrubbery is partially shaded by trees and alongside 
paths and drives through woods and plantations forming 
part of the pleasure grounds. Propagation may be effected 
by means of seed sown in an unheated frame in spring, 
by offsets taken off early in winter, or by layers made 
early in the autumn. 
The fragrant C. floridus or Carolina Allspice reaches a 
height of five or six feet and produces its purple-red and 
delightfully fragrant flowers in May. C. occidentalis or 
Californian Allspice is more robust than the first named 
and decidedly the most attractive. When the plants have 
the advantage of a deep moist soil and plenty of space, 
they will attain a height of eight or nine feet and bloom 
freely. The flowers are about three inches in diameter, 
dull red-crimson, sweetly scented, and produced from 
midsummer until late in the autumn. 
CuImonanTuus.—The only species of Chimonanthus 
in cultivation is C. fragrans or Winter Flower. The plant 
attains a height of five or six feet, has slender shoots, 
and produces during the winter months a profusion 
of its greenish yellow, highly fragrant flowers. The 
