42 THE BOOK OF SHRUBS 
variety J. H. Veitch has flowers of a deep rose colour 
and is two or three weeks later in blooming. 
Crarzcus.—The thorns form one of the most beauti- 
ful of the groups of small growing trees, and as they 
are so neat in growth as to occupy comparatively little 
space they should be largely planted in the garden and 
in park and meadow land immediately outside its 
boundaries. Atmospheric impurities have but little 
effect upon them, and they are therefore well suited 
for town and suburban gardens. The usual height of 
thorns ranges from ten to fifteen feet, but specimens 
twenty feet and more high are not uncommon. The 
varieties of the hawthorn (C. oxycantha) are the most 
useful for general planting, and the best of these are 
Double Pink (C. oxycantha rosea), the flowers bright pink 
and quite double; Double Scarlet (C. oxycantha coccinea 
plena), brilliant red, one of the finest of all the flowering 
trees with red blossoms, and should have a place in 
every garden; Double White (C. oxycantha multiplex), 
pure white, the flowers perfectly double and produced 
in dense masses; Single Scarlet (C. oxycantha punicea), 
bright scarlet, very beautiful; Weeping Thorn (C. 
oxycantha pendula), a charming variety, the growth 
graceful and the flowers single and pure white. The 
varieties of the Cockspur Thorn (C. crus-galli) rank 
next in importance, and should be freely utilised in the 
creation of garden scenery where the area will admit of 
a somewhat full representation of flowering trees. The 
most desirable of these are Carrier’s variety (C. crus- 
gall: Carrieri), which has large single flowers, white on 
opening, changing to flesh colour; Lay’s variety (C. 
crus-galli Layi), bright pink, and C. crus-galli splen- 
dens, bright pink. The flowers of the typical form 
are white, and these are followed by large clusters 
of crimson berries which are very attractive during 
the autumn. The tansy-leaved thorn (C. tanacetifolia), 
