56 THE BOOK OF SHRUBS 
rather severely every second or third year to maintain a 
continuous succession of new growth. 
SaLtx or Witiows.—Several of the willows are so 
light and elegant in appearance during the summer and 
have bark so brightly coloured in the winter as to be of 
much value for planting on the margin of lakes and 
ponds and alongside running streams: Salix cardinalis, 
with bright green leaves and red bark; S. purpurea, 
with dark green leaves and purple bark ; and S$. vitel/lina, 
with bright green leaves and yellow bark, the best of 
those with brightly coloured bark, and S. rosamarini- 
folia is a remarkably elegant variety with dark green 
leafage. The willows should be cut back to within a 
few inches of the surface each spring just before they 
commence to make new growth. 
Samsucus or ELpEer.—The elders comprise several 
useful forms with ornamental foliage. The most useful 
is the Golden Elder (Sambucus nigra aurea), which has 
rich golden leaves and is nearly, if not quite, as vigorous 
as the green form, and one of the best of the golden 
shrubs for seaside gardens. In many cases it is planted 
too largely, more especially in gardens of small size. 
The Silver Elder (S. x. folits argenteis), which has leaves 
margined with white, is also pleasing and desirable. S. 
n. heterophylla and §. n. lacinata are two elegant cut- 
leaved forms. The leaves of these elders attain the 
highest development when the plants are somewhat 
severely pruned. 
WEIGELas. — There are two handsome weigelas 
with coloured leafage that should have attention. One 
is W. hortensis Looymansi, which has golden leaves, and 
W. rosea variegata, with variegated leaves. These 
should be planted on the margin of shrubberies or beds 
and be cut back every two or three years to promote 
the production of strong growths and large well- 
coloured leaves. 
