DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 101 



7. Sulphomnethanum. Sulphonal. A good hypnotic for the 

 dog. Dose for large dogs, 2-4, 5ss to j; small dogs, 0.5-2, grs. 

 vij to XXX. Other hypnotics for animals are sulphonethylme- 

 thanum (trional), *tetronal, *veronal, *medinal, ^^adalin, *aceto- 

 phenone (hypnone), aethyUs carbamas (urethane) and *amylene 

 hydroxide. 



8. Ethereal oils. Many of these in large doses possess anti- 

 spasmodic powers and are for this reason used in spasmodic colic; 

 also used sometimes as local anaesthetics. The most important 

 drugs containing these oils are matricaria, Valeriana, mentha 

 piperita and asafoetida. Dose of these aromatic drugs for cattle, 

 50-100, §iss to Biij; horses, 25-50, 5vi to xij; given in infusion. 

 One of the ethereal oils is oleum terebinthinae. 



9. Acidum hydrocyanicum. Used chiefly as a sedative for the 

 sensory nerves of the larynx (cough). [Dose of acidum hydro- 

 cyanicum dilutum for horses and cattle, 1.3-4, tirxx to 3i; dogs, 

 0.06-0.3, 1^1 to v.] Aqua amygdalae amaras (bitter-almond 

 water), a preparation containing hydrocyanic acid, is given to 

 horses and cattle in doses of 10-50, Sijss to giss; dogs, 0.5-3, 

 itevij to xlv. 



3. NARCOSIS AND ANAESTHESIA 



General Narcosis. — The narcotizing of animals for the purpose 

 of performing operations without pain may be general or local. 

 Different drugs are used to produce narcosis in animals of the 

 different species. Chloroform is in general suitable only for horses 

 and is not entirely without danger for these animals. The use of 

 chloroform on dogs, cattle, sheep, goats and cats is not recom- 

 mended on account of the dangerous complications it produces 

 (paralysis of respiration, convulsions, tympanites, vomiting and 

 traumatic pneumonia). Chloral hydrate is the best narcotic for 

 horses and is to be preferred to chloroform and morphine espe- 

 cially; given per os it produces narcosis very rapidly, per rectum 

 somewhat more slowly; the narcosis is of medium degree, but is 

 sufficient for most operations; chloral may also be employed for 

 animals of other species. Morphine is adapted for use as a general 



