BEE MANUAL. 



261 



with such an appearance as is seen in Fig. 120 ; fat globules are 

 numerous, while blood-discs abound, and everywhere may be noticed 

 tiny particles which are constantly slowly dancing with what are called 

 Brownian movements. But if a speck of coffee-coloured, foul broody 

 matter be similarly treated, we find neither fat globules, blood discs, 

 nor molecular base, but observe the field crowded with very small ovoid 

 bodies, as we have them represented in Fig. 121. These are the 

 micrococci of Schonfield ; but if this substance be stained according 

 to the modern plan of Weigertand Koch, and then carefully examined, 

 in all probability we shall discover, associated with the ovoid bodies, a 



Tig. ISO.— HEALTHY JUICES 

 OF LARVA. 



Fig. 121.— BACILLUS ALVEI 



(last stage). 



very few other organisms, longer and rod-shaped, while we notice that 

 the so-called micrococci are neither round nor dumb-bell like, but oval 

 or boat-shaped. This led me at once to suspect an error, and further 

 searching showed me if, instead of coffee-coloured matter, such as 

 that usually sent for microscopic examination, the body of a grub, dead, 

 but in a fresher condition, were taken, the number of the rod-like 

 bodies very considerably increased, while that of the ovoid ones dimi- 

 nished, as seen in Fig. 122. My own inoculated stock — inoculated for 

 experimental purposes — was cured, and gave me no material ; but soon 

 I obtained a comb from a suffering hive, and then had the opportunity 

 of expressing the juices from a death-stricken larva. These, when 

 examined under a power of 600 diameters, and carefully illuminated, 

 were seen, to my great delight, to be full of active rods, swimming 

 backwards and forwards, and worming their way between the degene- 

 rate blood discs and fat globules, as represented in Fig. 122, while here 

 and there were long strings of them, the lepothrix form previously 

 referred to." 



As to the means by which the disease is propagated, Mr. 

 Cheshire has no hesitation in saying — 



" That the popular idea that honey is the means by which it is 

 carried from hive to hive, and that mainly through robbing, is so far 



