GLOSSARY. 



327 



side of a division oalled the septum, 

 whioh serves as bottom to the cells 

 on both sides— the whole forming a 

 sheet of comb. 



Comb-foundation.— A sheet of wax, 

 so stamped on each side as to form 

 the bases of two sets of cells, consti- 

 tutingan artificial sepfotm, which the 

 bees can quickly build into a com- 

 plete comb 



Comb Guide.— (See Starter.) 



Comb Honey.— Honey in the comb, 

 specially raised for table use. 



Deprivation. — Removing honey 

 from hives. 



Diarrhoea, Dysentery For this 



disease of bees— generally called by 

 the latter name, although the first 

 is perhaps the more suitable — see 

 Chap. XVI. 



Driving Bees.— Forcing bees to leave 

 one box or hive and to enter another. 

 (See Chap. X.) 



Drone Egg.— An egg that will pro- 

 duce a drone only ; an egg unfer- 

 tilised by the male germ ; may be 

 laid by an impregnated queen, a 

 virgin queen, or fertile worker. 



Drumming.— Rapping on the sides of 

 a hive when driving bees. 



Dzierzon (pronounced Tseertsone) 

 Theory. — The theory of Pastor 

 Dzierzon, formulated into thirteen 



E repositions, and which forms the 

 asis of modern scientific apiculture. 

 (See pages 65 to 67.) 



Embryo Queens.— Queens in their 

 rudimentary or undeveloped state, 

 before arriving at maturity in their 

 cells. 



Emerging Brood, Emerging Bees. 

 — Young bees which have under- 

 gone all the changes from the egg to 

 the perfect insect and then cut their 

 way through the cappings of the 



Farinaceous Food.— Of a mealy or 

 floury nature, such as the pollen of 

 flowers. 



Fecundate.— To impregnate. The 

 queen after her " wedding flight " is 

 properly said to he fecundated, 

 though the term fertilised is more 

 generally but not so correctly used. 



Fertilise.— To render fruitful. Ap 

 plied by botanists correctly to the 

 effect produced by the pollen on the 

 ovules of the flowers ; not so cor- 

 rectly applied to the fecundation of 

 the queen bee, as she is, in a certain 

 sense, fertile of herself. (See Par- 

 thenogenesis.) 



Fertile "Worker.— A worker bee 

 whose ovaries have been partly de- 

 veloped, and which is able to lay 



eggs in cases where a colony be- 

 comes queenless ; but not having 

 been fecundated by a drone, such 

 eggs can only produce drones, like 

 those of an unfecundated queen. 



Fdn. -or fdn.— An abbreviation of 

 the compound word " comb-founda- 

 tion " (which see). 



Flight (Wedding or Marriage).— The 

 excursion which a young queen 

 usually makes from the hive a few 

 days after she emerges from the 

 cefl, for the purpose of meeting the 

 drone in the air and becoming fecun- 

 dated. 



Flight (Cleansing).— The first issue 

 of bees from the hive after along 

 confinement, for the purpose of 

 voiding their foeces. 



Forage.— (See Bee Forage.) 



Foul Brood.— A disease of bees, now 

 called bacillus alvei. (See Chap. 

 XVI.) 



Foundation.— Sometimes expressed 

 fdn. (See Comb Foundation.) 



Fungicide.— Any chemical substance 

 which destroys the vitality of fun- 

 gus sperms, which in a microscopic 

 form are the causes of disease, such 

 as bacillus alvei, etc. 



Glucose.— One of the chemical forms 

 of sugar, known also as grape sugar 

 and fruit sugar ; a cheap and in- 

 ferior sort of syrup sometimes used 

 to adulterate honey. 



Granulated Honey. — Crystallised 

 honey. Nearly all pure liquid honey 

 will granulate and become opaque 

 after a while, unless heated to a 

 high degree and then hermetically 

 sealed while hot. Adulterated honey 

 rarely granulates. On the other 

 hand, there are rare cases of pure 

 honey remaining in a clear liquid 

 state. 



Grape Sugar.— (See Glucose.) 



Hatching. — This term is only cor- 

 rectly applied to the production of the 

 larva from the egg of the bee, which 

 happens three days after the egg is 

 laid. The changes from the larva 

 to the complete insect do not pro- 

 perly come under the designation of 

 hatching. 



Hexagon.— A figure having six sides 

 and six angles. If the sides and 

 angles are all equal the figure is a 

 regular hexagon. The cells of 

 honeycomb are, as a rule, of this 

 form. (See page 91.) 



Hexapoda. — Six-footed. The sub- 

 class of Insecta, which includes the 

 order Hymenoptera. 



