GLOSSARY 



329 



Queen Cell.— A large cell of peculiar 

 form, specially built for the purpose 

 of developing a queen from a worker 

 egg or larva. (See page 72.) 



Queenless. — Applied to a colony 

 when from any cause it is deprived 

 of its queen. 



Quincunx.— A term used in garden- 

 ing with reference to the position of 

 plants or trees — meaning five in a 

 parallelogram, one in each corner, 

 and one in the centre. Applied to 

 the position of hives in an apiary. 

 (See page 103.) 



Rabbet.— A corruption of the word 

 rebate; a rectangular longitudinal 

 recess made in the edge of any- 

 thing, as when one part of the edge 

 of a board is planed or cut out lower 

 than the rest. 



Race.— In apiculture this word is used 

 to designate a variety of the single 

 species A. mellijica which has ac- 

 quired some peculiarities of colour 

 or qualities in course of time from 

 natural or climatic causes. 



Rack.— A name given to the frame or 

 tray made to hold section boxes for 

 the production of comb honey. (See 

 page 139.) 



Reversible Frame.— A comb frame 

 so made that the bottom can be 

 turned to the top, and vice versa, at 

 the option of the apiarist. (See 

 page 237.) 



Ripening Honey.— The process by 

 which superfluous moisture is eva- 

 porated and the honey rendered safe 

 to keep without fermenting. 



Robbing.— Bees from one hive or 

 colony entering another and taking 

 the honey from it. 



Royal Cell.— (See Queen Cell.) 



Royal Jelly. —(See Jelly.) 



Sealed (Brood or Honey). — (See 

 Capped. 



Section Box, or Section.— A small 

 frame in which surplus honey is 

 stored and sent to market without 

 being extracted from the comb, 

 usually made to hold from one to 

 two pounds. 



Section Case.— A shallow case with- 

 out frames for holding section boxes 

 on a hive ; used as a super. 



Section, or Broad Frame.— ASframe 

 made to hold one or two tiers of sec- 

 tion boxes while suspended in a 

 hive. 



Section Race.— (See Rack.) 



Separator.— A piece of wood or metal 

 placed between two boxes to con- 

 fine the bees to build their comb 

 with an even surface. (See page 

 138.) 



Septum.— A partition. In apiculture 

 generally applied to the vertical 

 division between the two series of 

 cells in a comb, which forms the 

 bottoms of all the cells. 



Shipping Cage.— A small cage, usu- 

 ally made of wire-cloth and wood, 

 used for sending queens through the 

 post. (See page 227.) 



Shipping Crate.— A case used for 

 packing comb honey in to send to 

 market. (See page 243.) 



Skep, Skip.— Literally, a basket. The 

 name given in Scotland and other 



E laces to the old form of straw bee- 

 ive. 



Smoker.— An implement constructed 

 to burn rags, rotten wood, or other 

 fuel, and furnished with a bellows 

 for blowing the smoke where re- 

 quired. Used to quiet bees when 

 about to be manipulated. 



Species.— In natural history, a sub- 

 division of a genua or family of 



_ animals or plants, which may again 

 be divided into varieties or races 

 possessing some peculiarities but no 

 important structural differences. 



Spermatheca.— A small vessel at- 

 tached to the oviduct of the queen 

 bee, and containing, when fecun- 

 dated, the spermatozoa for impreg- 

 nating the eggs on their passage 

 from the ovary. (See page 62.) 



Spermatozoon (pi., zoa).— A minute 

 spore or germ, of which many mil- 

 lions may be contained in the sper- 

 matheca, itself scarcely visible to 

 the naked eye. One of these sper- 

 matozoa must be introduced into 

 the egg, through the opening called 

 the micropyle, in order to make it 

 capable of producing a worker bee 

 or a queen. 



Spring Dwindling.— Colonies which 

 pass through the winter strong may 

 become weak in the spring, in con- 

 sequence of the old bees dying off 

 before young ones are bred in the 

 same proportion. This result, from 

 whatever cause brought about, is 

 termed spring dwindling. 



Stamen.— In botany, the male organ 

 of fructification in plants, carrying 

 the anther and the pollen. 



Starter.— A narrow strip of comb or 

 of foundation put in a frame or sec- 

 tion box to give the bees a "start" 

 in the right direction in building 

 the new comb. 



Stigma.— In botany, the top of the 

 pistil which receives the pollen or 

 fecundating dust of the male plant. 



