Aira flexuosa, pollination, il. 142. 

 Air-bladdera of Macrocyatis, il. 633. 

 Air-chambers of Marohontia, ii. 697. 

 Air-spaces in atiuatic plants, i. 424. 



of mesophyll, i. 279. 



Aizoon, group of Saxifrages, i. 233. 

 Aizoouia, autogamy, ii. 337. 

 Ajuga, ii. 40. 



— hybrids, ii. 585. 



Ajuga chamjepitys, facultative perennial, ii, 



453. 

 Ajuga reptans, stolons, 1. 663. 



vitality of spermatoplasm, ii, 96. 



Akebia quinata, Japan, nutation, i. 683. 

 Akinetes, of ChlorophyceBB, ii. 628. 



— of PleuTOcoccus, ii. 636. 

 Albizzia, poUen-charabers, ii. 90. 

 AJbuca, cross-fertilization, ii. 301. 



— nectaries, ii. 175. 



Albuca minor, pollen-grains, ii. 98. 

 Albumen, formation, i. 458. 



— of seed, nature of, ii. 421. 



— osmotic behaviour of, i. 59. 

 Albumens, coagulation, i. 553, 



— composition, i. 457. 



— decomposition and reconstruction, i. 464. 



— putrefactive decomposition, i. 506. 



— soluble and insoluble, i. 458. 

 Albuminoids, i. 72. 

 Albuminous, applied to seed, ii. 421. 



— substances, conducting tissues for, i. 480. 

 Albumins, and respiration, i. 495. 

 AlchemiUa, absorption of water collected in- 

 considerable, i. 240. 



— dehiscence of pollen-sacs, ii. 92. 



— honey, ii. 173. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 124, 125. 

 AlchemiUa vulgaris, i. 228. 



and animals, i. 432. 



autogamy, ii. 350. 



effect of TJromyces Alchemillae, ii. 524. 



unfolding leaves, i. 349. 



vernation, i. 349. 



Alcohol, production, i. 506. 

 Alder. See Almts. 



— Alpine. See Almts viridis. 



— gray. See Alnus incana. 

 Aldrovandia, 1. 148. 



— dispersal of offshoots, ii. 807. 



— distribution, habitat, description, &c., i. 



151, 152, 153. 



— floating habit, i. 668. 



— pollen dispersion, ii. 105. 



— trap mechanism, i. 150. 

 Aleochara and indoloid scents, ii. 207. 

 Aleochara fuscipes, and Dracunculus Greti- 



cus, ii. 165. 

 Aleppo Pine. See Pvnus halepensis. 

 Aleturone grains, i. 42, 457, 458. 

 Aleutians and fish-hnes of IN'ereocystis, ii. 



663. 

 Alfredia, absorption cells of hairs, i. 227. 

 Alfredia cernua, t 97. 



practical demonstration of irrigation, 



i. 96. 

 Algse, and heat, i, 554. 



— calcareous, marine, reef-forming, i. 261. 



— dispersal, i. 246. 



— distribution in lichen-thallus, i. 244; ii. 694. 



— division of Thallophyta, ii. 604. 



— partners in lichen-thallus, I. 246. 



— proper application of term, i. 246. 



— saprophytic, food-absorption, i. 113 



— symbiosis with animals, i. 254. 



— symbiosis with lichens, ii. 691. 

 Algeria, thistles, i. 438. 



Alhagi Eargisorum, spines, i. 443. 



Alighting-platforms for insects, ii. 225. 



Alimentary canal, seeds passed through, ii. 

 862. 



Alisma, no special arrangement for rain- 

 water conduction, i. 98. 



— protective isolation by water, ii. 234. 

 Alisma natans, sub-aqueous fertilization, ii, 



391. 

 Alismacese, floral characters, &c,, ii, 739. 

 Alkalies, i. 83, 



INDEX, 



Alkaloid, protective, of Atropa Belladonna. 



i. 431. 

 Alkaloids, function, i. 462. 



— poisonous, in roots, i. 763. 

 Alliance, subdivision of class, ii. 617. 

 Alliances, of Braun, ii. 605. 

 Alliaria, nectary, ii. 175. 

 AllioideEe, characteristics, ii. 731. 

 Allionia, cross-fertilization, ii. 304. 



— nectaries, ii. 177, 



AlUonia violacea, autogamy, ii. 357. 



— — opening and closing, ii. 212. 

 Allium, cotyledon in germination, i. 606. 



— epiphyllous buds, ii. 43. 



— polyembryony, ii. 469. 



AlHum ascalonicum, &c., scent, ii. 488. 



Allium Cepa, ii. 731. 



absorbent cells of cotyledon, i. 600. 



fistular leaves, i. 428. 



germinating seed, i. 599. 



Allium Chamaemoly, flowers and autogamy, 

 ii. 386. 



nectaries, ii. 175. 



plant, ii. 386. 



scent, ii. 199, 203. 



stamen movements, ii. 303, 



Allium fiatulosum, fistular leaves, i. 428. 



Allium obliquum, leaf twist, i. 429. 



Allium odorum, originof accessory embryos, 

 ii. 469. 



Allium pater-familias, numerous bulbs, ii. 

 831. 



Allium pormm, ii. 731. 



Allium rotundum, leaf twist, i. 429. 



staminal stipules, ii. 89. 



Allium sativxma, cotyledon and germination, 

 i. 606. 



Allium Schoenoprasum, ii, 488. 



fistular leaves, i. 428. 



Allium scorodoprasum, ii. 731. 



Allium senescens, leaf twist, i. 429. 



Allium Sibiricum, scent of flowers and 

 foliage-leaves, ii. 199. 



Allium Sphserocephalum, stamen, ii. 87. 



staminal stipules, ii. 89. 



Allium suaveolens, scent of flowers and 

 foliage-leaves, ii. 199. 



Allium ursinum, bud, emerging from soil, 

 i. 640. 



habitat, i. 654. 



Allium Victorialis, geitonogamy, ii. 327. 



stigma, ii. 283, 



Allium vineale, mechanical tissue arrange- 

 ment, i, 730. 



Allosorus, protection of sporangia, ii. 13. 



— two kinds of fronds, ii. 12, 476, 

 Allosorus crispus, i, 451. 

 Allurement, means of, in pitchers, i. 124, 

 Alluring substances, i. 460. 



Almond oil, decomposition, i. 462. 

 Almonds, conglutin, milk of, i. 458, 

 Alnus and gall-mites, ii. 529. 



— arrangement of foliage-leaves, i. 92. 



— flowering, ii. 150. 



— moncecious, ii. 297. 



— phyllotaxis, i. 399. 



— pollen-grain, ii. 102. 



— pollen storing and dispersion, ii. 94, 148. 



— pollination, ii. 133, 135. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 119. 



— protogynous, ii. 313, 



— foots, i. 752. 



— texture of mite-galls, ii. 532. 



Alnus glutinosa and gall of Cecidomyia alni, 



ii. 534. 

 Sec., bracts and Exoascus Alni-Incanje, 



ii. 524. 



chalazogamic fertilization, ii. 413. 



inflorescences, ii. 135. 



root-galls, ii. 521. 



Alnus incana andExoascus epiphyllus, ii. 527, 



two-coloured leaves, habitat, i. 293. 



yifith galls of Exoascus Alni-incanae, ii, 



523. 

 Alnus orientalis, mite-galls, ii. 529. 

 Alnus viridis, and snow, i, 550. 

 mite-galls, ii. 529, 



927 



Aloe, aqueous tissue, i. 328, 



— caudex, i, 714. 



Aloe denticulata, pollen-grains, ii. 97. 

 Aloes, ii. 731. 



— Cape, mucilaginous juices, i. 329. 



— germination, i. 604. 

 Alousoa, scarlet flowers, ii, 196. 

 Alopecurus, pollination, ii. 142. 

 Alpine and Arctic floras, ii. 905. 



— experimental garden, Kerner's, i. 393. 



— floras, autogamy in, ii, 400, 



— flowers, multiplicity of colours, ii. 198. 



— flowers in the Tyrol, ii. PI. XII. 



— plants, high, characteristics of, i. 315. 



— Rose. See RJiododeTidroTi hvrautwn. 



— Rose-apples, ii. 520. 



— Vine. See Atragene alpina. 



— Willows, Tyrol, i. 624. 

 Alpmia, ii. 289, 736. 



— hermaphrodite, ii. 296. 



Alps, Central Europe, autumnal tints, i. 489. 



— Central, lime incrustlng Saxifrages, i. 71. 



— — meadows, herbage, i. 451. 



— early leaf-fall in, i. 357. 



— protected vegetation, i. 450. 



— red snow in, i. 38. 



— Tyrolese, established hybrids in, ii. 588. 



observations relating to ammonia, i. 65. 



soil, temperatiure, and elevation, i, 525. 



— winter cold, i. 547. 



Alsike Clover. See TrifoUum hybridum 

 Alaine Gerardi, autogamy, ii, 355. 

 Alsine mucronata, nectaries, ii. 176. 

 Alsine rubra, weather and autogamy, ii. 391. 

 Alsine vema, cross-fertilization, ii. 307. 



nectaries, ii. 176. 



AIsinea9, autogamy, ii. 337. 

 Alsophila, ii. 473. 



— caudex, ii. 705. 



— sorus and indusium, il. 708. 



Alsophila excelsa, dimensions of caudex, i. 



714. 

 Alternation of generations, ii. 7. 



advantage of, ii. 484, 



among zoophytes, ii. 470. 



and origin of species, ii. 594. 



in Algae, ii. 481. 



in Mosses, ii. 477, 479. 



in Phanerogams, ii. 478. 



in Thallophyta, ii. 480. 



Althaea ofiicinalis, stomatal protective hairs, 



i. 292. 

 Althiiea pallida, effect of mutilation, ii. 517. 



sheltering of pollen, ii. 108. 



Althffia rosea, sheltering of pollen, ii. 108. 

 Alumina in cell-wall, i. 72. 



— in dust, i. 81, 



— rarely absorbed, i. 68. 

 Alyssum, nectaries, ii. 175. 



— peripheral flowers, ii, 186. 

 Alyssum calycinum, autogamy, ii. 339. 



colour contrast in inflorescence, ii. 192. 



Alyssum cuneatum, umbellate raceme, ii. 



184. 

 Alyssum montanura, i. 325. 



scent, ii. 202. 



Alyssum Wierzhickii, hairs, i. 321. 

 Alyssum Wulfenianum, peripheral flowers, 



ii. 186. 

 Amanita muscaria. SeeAga/ricusmuscarvus. 

 Amanita phalloides, basidia and spores, ti. 



21. 685. 

 Amaranth, green. See ATuarantus Blitum. 

 AmaranthaceiB, bracts, ii. 750. 

 -— leaf-rosettes, i. 412. 



— perianth, ii. 749. 



Amarantus Blitum, leaf-mosaic, i. 411. 

 Amaryllidacese, autogamy in, ii. 372. 



— characteristics, ii. 734. 



— epiphyllous buds, ii. 43. 

 Amaryllis, ii. 734. 



— buds on carpels, ii. 44. 



— cross-fertilization, ii. 301. 



— incompletely protogynous, ii. 311. 



— ovular tubers or buds, ii, 469. 

 ~ pollen-grains, ii. 99, 100. 



