930 



INDEX. 



Aristolocbia, colour and odour, ii. 197. 



— imprisonment of insects, ii. 165. , 



— insect platforms, ii. 225. 



— nature of scents, ii. 199. 



— perianth, ii. 165. 



— stem, i. 364. 



Aristolocbia Olematitis, allurement of in- 

 sects, ii. 206, 222. 



flower, gynandria, ii. 292. 



food of Thais Hypermnestra, ii. 488. 



insect platform, ii. 226. 



odour, i. 431. 



poUination, ii. 244. 



venation, i. 633. 



Aristolochia Gigas, scent, ii. 200. 



var. Sturtevantii, size and colour of 



flowers, ii. 185. 

 Aristolochia ringens, flowers, ii. 166. 



insect platform, ii. 225. 



Aristolochia Sipho, leaf-blades, i. 649. 



slnistrorse twining, i. 685. 



Aristolochiaceffi, il. 599, 755. 



— American, size of flowers, ii. 185. 



— protogynous, ii. 312. 



— South American, i. 202. 

 Aristotle, biology of plants, i. 16. 

 Armeria, poUen-grain, ii. 100. 



— stigma, ii. 281. 



Armeria alpina, autogamy, ii. 358. 



seed-dispersal, ii. 854. 



Armeria vulgaris, autogamy, ii. 358. 

 Amebia cornuta, fruit protection, ii. 442. 

 Arnica, flowers, seraal conditions, ii. 296. 



— habitat, 1 112. 



— pollination, i. 740. 



Arnica montana and Campanula, colour con- 

 trast, ii. 193. 



florets and autogamy, ii. 363. 



flower-opening constant, i. 559. 



peripheral flowers, ii. 187. 



Amoserispusilla,persistentcotyledons, i. 622. 

 Aroideee, ii. 742. 



— adherent roots, i. 108. 



— adventitious roots, i. 751. 



— aerial roots, i. 365, 753 ; ii. 745. 



— arrangement of roots, i. 766. 



— certain, resemblance to Leucobryum and 



Sphagnum in water-absorption, i. 220. 



— coloured bracts in, ii. 183. 



— description, ii. 742, 



— development of climbing roots, 1. 705. 



— epiphyUous buds, ii. 43. 



— epiphytic, atrial roots, porous covering 



and root-hairs, i. 223. 



— extrusion of water from leaves, i. 271. 



— geitonogamy in, ii. 325. 



— geographical distribution, ii. 745. 



— imprisonment of insects, &c., ii. 164. 



— inflorescence, i. 501. 



— insects and pollen, ii. 222, 244. 



— leaf perforation, i. 413. 



— leaves of, structure in relation to trans- 



piration, i. 288. 



— moncecious, protogynous, ii. 313. 



— nature of scents, ii. 199. 



— on ground of woods, i. 109. 



— on trees, i. 106. 



— origin of roots, i. 771. 



— pericarp mucilage, i. 615. 



— pollen-grain, ii. 100. 



— sheltering of pollen, ii. 108. 



— temperature within spathe, i. 501. 

 AroUa pine. See Pinus Cembra. 



Aronia rotundifolia, Gymnosporangium gall, 



ii. 521. 

 Aronicum glaciale, dichogamy, ii. 312. 

 Arrangements for reception of insects, ii. 



226. 227. 



— for retention of pollen, ii. 279. 

 Arrhenatherum, flowers, sexual conditionB, 



ii. 297. 

 Arrow-head. See Sagittaria. 

 Arrowroot, source of, ii. 736. 

 Artedia squamata, seed-dispersal, ii. 853. 

 Artemisia, as host of Orobanche, i. 185. 



— hairiness, i. 317, 319. 

 Artemisia Absynthium, ii. 87. 



Artemisia Absynthium, &c., hairs, i. 322. 

 Artemisia campestris, and gall of Cecido- 



myia Artemisise, ii. 547. 

 Artemisia Mutellina, &c., geitonogamy, ii. 



322. 



habitat and hairiness, i. 316. 



Arthrospore, of Bacteria, ii. 623. 

 Artichoke. See Cynara scolyvius, 

 Artocarpacese, ii. 758. 



— collective fruits in, ii. 436. 



— laticiferous tubes, i. 470. 



— pollen-graius, ii. 97. 



Artocarpus incisa, flowering and fruiting 



branch, ii. 438. 



from chalk, ii. 613. 



Artocarpus integrifolia, collective fruit, ii. 



436. 

 Arum, monoecious, ii. 297. 



— pollination, ii. 164. 



Arum conocephaloides and Ceratopogon, ii. 

 165. 



inflorescence, ii. 164. 



Arum cordifolium, temperature within 

 spathe, i. 501. 



Arum Italicum, fly visitors, ii. 165. 



geographical distribution, habitat, i. 



501. 



temperature within spathe, i. 501; iL 164. 



Arum maculatum and Psychoda phallEe- 

 noides, ii. 165. 



habitat, i. 654. 



leaf of, i. 286. 



Arundinaria glaucescens, protection of sto- 

 mata from moistiu-e, i. 294. 



Arundo, arrangement for rain-water exclu- 

 sion between haulm and leaf, i. 98. 



Arundo Donax, dimensions, i. 714. 



reserve-buds, ii. 32. 



Asafcetida. See Scorodosma Asa/cetida. 



Asarabacca. See Asarum Europceum. 



Asaracese, ii. 755. 



Asarum, estivation, ii. 210. 



— leaf, emerging from soil, i. 640. 



— pollen-deposition, ii. 279. 



— pollen-grain, ii. 100. 



— variety of scent, ii. 488. 



Asarum Canadense, creeping stem, i. 662. 

 Asarum Europseum, creeping stem, i. 662. 



stages in blossoming, ii. 279. 



venation, i. 633. 



winter protection, i. 550. 



Ascherson, Flora der Provinz Brandenburg, 



ii. 605. 

 Asci, ii. 19. 



— of Claviceps, ii. 680. 



— of Cordyceps, ii. 679. 



— of Erysiphe, ii. 60. 



— of Morchella, ii. 683. 



— of Moulds, ii. 677. 



— of Tuber, ii. 678, 681. 

 Ascidia, i. 127. 



— alluring, &c., contrivances, i. 128. 



— as pitfalls, &c., i. 123. 

 Asclepiadacese, i. 470 ; ii. 77. 



— cleistogamy in, ii. 393. 



— corpusculum, ii. 257. 



— insect-visitors, ii. 258. 



— pollinia, &c., ii. 97, 257, 259, 



— protective sticky latex, ii. 234. 



— soft bast, i. 477. 



— viscin of pollen-grains, ii. 101. 

 Asclepias, scent, ii. 202. 



Asclepias Gornuti, clips on insect foot, ii. 259. 



floral mechanism, ii. 258. 



radical buds, ii. 28. 



Ascoidese, ii. 674. 

 Ascomycetes, ii. 606. 



— asci and spore formation, ii. 18, 



— distinctive characters, ii. 676. 



— various, ii. 679, 681. 

 Ascophyllum, ii. 664. 

 Ascoaporepe, ii. 606. 



Ascospores, of Ascomycetes, ii. 19, 676, 693. 

 Ascus, of Podosphsera, ii. 60. 



— of Xylaria, ii. 679. 



Ascus-fruit, basis of classification in Asco- 

 mycetes, ii. 676. 



Ascus-fruit of E\irotium, ii. 679. 



of Moulds, ii. 677. 



Asexual generation of ferns, commencement 



of, ii. 472. 

 Asexual reproduction, in Mucorini and 

 Saprolegniacese, ii. 480, 481. 



in Saprolegniaceae, ii. 484. 



Ash, essential constituents of, ii. 66. 



— of chlorophyll, i. 371. 



— of Stratiotes aloides, Nymphsea alba. 



Chara foetida, Phragmites communis, 

 Biacutella Isevigata, Dorycnium decum- 

 bens, i. 69. 



— of Taxus baccata, i. 70. 

 Ash. See Fraxinus excelsior. 



— mountain. See Sorbus Auouparia. 

 Asparagin, i. 464. 



— an amide, i. 458. 



— and respiration, i. 495. 

 Asparaginese, switch-plants in, i. 330. 

 Asparagus, ii. 732. 



— phylloclades, i. 652. 



Asparagus acutifolius, &c., weaving habit, 

 i. 674. 



Asparagus horridus, &c., spines, i. 434. 



Asparagus offlcinahs, distribution of sexes, 

 ii. 299. 



imperfect flowers, ii. 294. 



Aspen. See Populus tremula. 



AspergiUese, fertilization and fruit-forma- 

 tion, ii. 60. 



Aspergillus, fermentative action, i. 508. 



— parasitism, ii. 678. 



— sporangia, &c., ii. 18, 21. 

 Aspergillus fumigatus, habitat, ii. 678. 

 Aspergillus niger, conidial hyphse, ii. 677. 

 Asperula, stipules, i. 637. 



Asperula aparine, weaving habit, i. 674. 

 Asperula arvensis, artificially induced 



drooping, ii. 123. 

 Asperula capitata, evening smell, ii. 209. 

 Asperula galioides, cuckoo-galls, ii. 545. 

 Asperula glomerata, opening of flower, ii. 



212. 

 Asperula longiflora, &c., scent, ii. 200. 

 Asperula odorata, ii. 537. 



effect of clearing wood, i. 391. 



leaf and illumination, i. 286. 



mechanical tissue arrangement, i. 730. 



stamens, ii. 86. 



ivinter protection, i. 550. 



Asperula taurina, behaviour of styles, i. 



740. 



geitonogamy, ii. 325. 



sexual conditions, ii. 296. 



Asperula tinctoria, cuckoo-galls, ii. 545. 

 Asphodel, Scottish. See Tojieldia borealis. 

 Asphodeloideae, characteristics, ii. 730. 

 Asphodelus, protogynous, ii. 311. 

 Asphodelus albus, roots, i. 760. 



twisted leaves, i. 429. 



Asphodelus ramosus, at P^stum, ii. 730. 

 Aspicilia calcarea, heat resistance, i. 554. 

 Aspicilia flavida, habitat, i. 117. 

 Aspidiese, sorus and indusium, &c., ii. 706. 

 Aspidium, hybrids in, ii. 582. 

 Aspidium falcatum, apogamy, ii. 458. 

 Aspidium Pilix-ma-s, winter buds, emei^ence 



from soil, i. 639. 

 Aspidium Thelypteris, necessary soil, ii. 612 

 Aspleniese, sorus and indusium, ii. 706. 

 Asplenium, buds on fronds, ii. 39, 41. 



— hybrids in, ii. 582. 



— prothallus, ii. 11. 



Asplenium Germanicum, hybrid of A. Ruta- 

 muraria X A. septentrionale, ii. 586. 



— Buta-muraria, sporophyte and prothal- 



lium, ii, 472. 

 A^ses, wild, and Melocactus, i. 447. 

 Assimilation and respiration, i. 492-495. 



— theory of, i. 456. 



Aster, and ancient crossing, ii. 555. 



— autogamy, ii. 359, 



— Blue. See Aster Amellus. 



— colour-contrast in capitulum, ii. 191. 



— flowers, sexual conditions, ii. 296. 



— geitonogamy, ii, 321. 



