934 



INDEX. 



Brugmansia Tipellii, on Clssus root, i. 202. 



Brunfels (1495-1534), i. 4. 



Erunniohia africana, pedicel and fruit, it, 435. 



Bruuoniacess, ii. 765. 



BryacesB, general description, ii. 701. 



— seta, ii. 702. 



— sexual organs, ii. 702. 

 Bryonia, i. 698. 



— filament of stamen, ii. 88. 



— tendrils, i. 696. 



Bryonia dioica and Andrena florea, ii. 206. 



stamen, ii, 87, 90. 



Bryophyllum calicinum, epiphyllous buds, 



ii. 40, 41. 

 Bryophyta, ii. 617, 696. 



— compared with Pteridophyta, ii. 704. 



— of Brawn, ii, 605. 

 BryopsidacesB, description, ii. 645. 

 Bryopsis, ii. 645. 



— colonies, i. 585. 



— difEerentiation of thallus, ii. 619. 



— gemmation, ii. 575. 

 Bryum, ii. 480. 



Bryum alpinum, parthenogenesis, ii. 464. 



Bryum cseepitosum, ii. 700. 



peristome, &c., ii. 15. 



reproductive organs, ii. 15. 



Bryum conclnnatum, vegetative propaga- 

 tion, ii. 458. 



Bryum Duvalii, parthenogenesis, ii. 464. 



Bryum Reyeri, vegetative propagation, ii. 

 458. 



Buckbean. See Menyiinthes tri/oliata. 



Buckthorn, Sea. See H^opkae. 



Buddha, and Sacred Fig-tree, i. 757. 



Budding, compared to parasitism of Loran- 

 thus on Oak, i. 215. 



— modus operandi, i, 214. 



— perpetuation of crossings by, ii. 556. 

 Bud-gall, nature of, ii. 542. 



on Thymus Serpyllum, ii. 531. 



Bud-like offshoots, replacing flowers and 



fruits, ii. 460. 

 Buds, adventitious, development of, ii, 26. 

 of Mistletoe cortical roots, i. 209. 



— and cold, i. 552. 



— axillary, distribution, &c., ii. 29. 



— cauline, ii. 28. 



— considered as brood-bodies, ii. 6. 



— dormant, longevity, ii. 36. 



— due to wounds, ii, 29. 



— epiphyllous, ii. 37. 



— extra-axillary, ii. 28. 



— - first, of Orobanche, i. 184. 



— - hibernating, in Aldrovandia, i. 152. 



— importance of situation, i. 596. 



~ modes of breaking through soil. i. 639. 



— of LangsdorfSa, i. 186. 



— of Rafflesiacese, development, i, 200. 

 - on Pern fronds, ii. 39. 



— on floral-leaves, Ii. 44. 



— on foliage-leaves, ii. 41. 



— on roots, i. 766. 



— on scale-leaves, ii. 44. 



— position of unfolding leaves, 1. 538. 



— radical, ii, 27. 



— respiration, i. 494. 



— resting of, i. 563. 



— structure, i. 591. 



— subterranean, i. 651. 

 of Bartsia, i. 137, 139. 



— winter, of Utricularise, i. 120. 

 Bud-scales, stipular, i, 637. 



— structure and function, i. 623. 

 Bugwort. See CimiGifuga fcetida. 

 Building materials of plants, i. 456 

 Bulb, appUcation of term, i. 650. 



— propagation of hybrids by, ii. 656. 



— protective scales, i. 653. 



— resting, of desert perennials, i. B56. 



— scale-leaves, i. 624. 



Bulbs, dispersed by root-shortening, ii. 831. 

 Bulbil, nature of, i. 591. 



— of Poa alpina, &c., mode of formation, ii. 



454. 



— of Psilotum, ii. 715. 



— replacing flowers and fruits, ii. 445, 461. 



Bulbochsete, structure, ii. 651. 

 Bulbocbaate parvula, home of, i. 105. 

 Bulbocodium, flower, ii. 729- 



— protection of pollen, ii. 125. 

 Bulbus, application of term, i. 624. 

 Bulgaria inquinans, habit and habitat, ii. 682. 

 Bulgaria polymorpha, habitat, i. 118. 

 Bullace. See Prurnis insititia. 



Bulrush, Lesser. See Typha. 

 Bundle-sheath, i. 471. 

 Bunium, germination, i. 622. 

 Buphthalmum, flowers, sorts of, ii. 296. 



— geitonogamy, ii. 322. 

 Buphthalmum grandiflorum, pollen-grains, 



ii. 99. 

 Bupleurum, coloured bracts, ii. 183. 

 Bupleurum falcatum, venation, i. 632, 633. 

 Bupleurum verticale, position of leaves, i, 



337. 

 Burmauniacese, ii. 738. 

 Bumet-moths and honey scent, ii. 207 

 Burnet Saxifrage. See Pimpinella. 

 "Burning" of plants, 1. 539, 553, 556. 

 Bur-reed. See Sparganium. 

 Bush-plants, i. 432. 

 Butcher's-broom. See Ruscits. 

 ButomacesB, ii. 739. 

 Butomus, anthocyanin, i. 520. 



— germination, i. 604. 



— integument of ovule, ii. 81. 



— no special arrangement for rain-water 



conduction, i. 98. 



— ovary, ii. 75. 



— protective isolation by water, ii. 234. 

 Butomus umbellatus, flower, enneandria, ii. 



289. 



hermaphrodite, ii. 296. 



ovule, &c., ii. 78. 



placentation, ii, 739. 



Butter-bur. See Petasites. 

 Butterflies and pollination, ii. 156. 

 Butterfly Orchis. See Sabenaria. 

 Butterwort. See Pingui(yula. 

 Buttress-roots, i. 756. 

 Butyric acid, i. 463. 



fermentation, ii. 623. 



Buxbaumia aphylla, simplicity of form, ii. 



704. 

 Buius, honey, ii. 173. 



— pollination, ii. 138. 



— protogynous, ii. 313, 

 Byblis, i. 148. 



Byblis gigantea, carnivorous in minor de- 

 gree, i. 156. 



C. 



Cabbage. See Braseica oleracea. 

 Cabbage-white Butterfly. See Pieris Bras- 



siccB, ii. 672. 

 Cabomba aquatica, heterophyllous, i. 668 

 Oacaha, autogamy, ii. 363. 



— pollination, i. 740. 



Caccinia, cotyledon bristles, i. 623. 

 Caccinia strigosa, hooked fruit, ii. 871. 

 Cachrys, seed protection, ii. 450. 

 Cachrys alpina, rolling fruits, ii. 849. 

 Cachrys spiuoaa, "thistle-leaves", i. 438. 

 Cactacese, calcium oxalate crystals, i. 570. 



— course of pollen-tubes, ii. 410. 



— cross-fertilization in, ii. 301. 



— on trees, i. 106. 



— ovary, ii. 77. 



— protogyny in, ii. 310, 



— spines, i. 446. 

 Cactales, ii. 786. 



Cacti, geographical distribution, i. 327, 330, 



— propagation of hybrids, ii. 556. 



— size of flowers, ii. 185. 

 Cactiform plants, thick oufciole, i. 309. 



— stem, i. 712. 

 Cactus, nectary, ii. 174. 



— perianth-leaves, i, 641. 

 Cadia varia, flower, ii. 779. 

 CseaalplnesB, from chalk, ii. 613. 



— scarlet-flowered genera, ii. 196. 



Caladium, i. 94- 



Calamagrostis, boring runners, i. 516. 



— hybrids in, ii, 583. 



— pollination, ii. 142. 



Calamagrostis Epigeios, seed-dispersal, ii. 



858. 

 Calamagrostis Halleriana, arched leaf, i. 429. 

 Calamarise, fossil Ikiuisetales, i. 636; ii. 713. 

 Calamintha, anther, ii, 90. 



— distribution of sexes, ii. 298. 



— hybrids, ii. 585. 



— seed protection, ii. 446. 

 Calamus, ii. 741. 



Calamus angustifolius, vessels, i. 362. 



Calamus ex.tensus, shoot apex and inflor- 

 escence, i. 676. 



Calandrinia, allurement by petals, ii. 171, 



Calandrinia compressa, autogamy, ii. 346, 391. 



opening and closing, ii. 212. 



stamen, ii. 91. 



Calcareous crust of hydrophyt-es preserved, 

 i. 261. 



Calcareous Floridese, fossil remains, ii. 614. 



Calcareous strata, formation by plants, i. 261. 



Calceolaria, hybridization and flower colours, 

 ii. 568. 



— nectary, &c., ii. 228. 



— sheltering of pollen, ii. 110. 

 Calceolaria amplexicaulis, &c., nectary, ii,178. 

 Calceolaria Pavonii, flower and autogamy, 



ii. 380. 



stamen, ii. 91. 



Calceolarias, pollen sprinkling in, ii. 274. 

 Calcification of hairs, i. 441. 

 Calcite, crystalline forms, ii. 493. 

 Calcium, how introduced, i. 67. 



— in ash of plants, i. 66. 



— replacement by magnesiiun, i. 70. 



— salts, i. 274. 



Calcium carbonate, conversion into bicar- 

 bonate, i. 257. 



crystal forms, ii. 493. 



protective incrustation over absorption- 

 cells in Saxifraga Aizoon, i, 234. 



Calcium chloride, in salt incrustations of 

 leaves, i. 236. 



seed desiccation by, i. 554. 



Calcium nitrate, liberation of nitric acid, i. 

 458. 



Calcium oxalate, crystal in plants, i. 570 



excess thrown oflE with leaf, i. 358. 



formation of, i. 67, 



in autumn leaves, i. 485. 



Calcium sulphate, as food-salt, i. 67. 



source of sulphur, i. 458. 



Calendula, distribution of sexes, ii. 297. 



— geitonogamy, ii. 321. 



— imperfect flowers, ii. 295. 



— opening of flowers and growth, ii. 220. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 115, 

 Calendula arvensis, &c., resistance to cold, 



ii. 489, 

 Calendula officinalis, dichogamy, ii. 312. 

 Calendula pluvialis, anthocyanin in florets, 



ii. 220. 

 Califomian Mammoth Tree. See Sequoia 



gigantea, ii. 725. 

 Oalla palustris, i. 708. 



creeping stem, i. 662 ; ii. 745. 



dehiscence of pollen-sacs, ii. 92. 



geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



hermaphrodite and staminate flowers, 



ii. 297. 



stamen, ii. 91. 



Calliandra, pollen-chambers, ii. 90. 

 Callidina symbiotica, on FruUania, i. 255 ; ii. 



698. 

 CaiUphora and indoloid scents, ii. 207. 

 Callistemon, coloured stamen-filaments, ii. 



183. 



— inflorescence, i. 738. 



— unprotected pollen, ii, 107. 

 Oallitriohe, fruit, and section, ii. 427. 



— leaf rosettes, i. 412. 



- leaves and light, ii, 505. 



— nut, ii. 429. 



— pollen dispersion, ii. 105. 



