936 



INDEX. 



Carex stricta, social form, ii. 748. 

 Carex viUgaris, seedlings, i. 607. 

 Oarica Papaya, enzyme, i. 465. 

 Oarinthe minor, pollen-graios, ii. 97 

 Garliua, spioy leavee, i. 438. 

 Carllua acanlis, anthocyaniu, i. 522. 



as hygrometer and weather-glass, ii. 



117. 



coloured bract, ii. 183. 



opening and closing, ii. 116. 



poUen-grains, ii. 99. 



protection of pollen, ii. 115, 117. 



temperature within capitulum, 1. 501. 



Carmichelia australis, cladodes, i. 335. 



Camiola, flora of, i. 6. 



Carnivorous plants, movements, i. 140. 



number of, classification of, i. 119. 



spinous structures in pitfalls, i. 124. 



with Hcale-like leaves, i. 135. 



Oarob. See Ceratonia SiUqua. 

 Carolina AUspice. See Calycmithus, 

 Caroway. See Carum carvi. 

 Carpathians, plants of, i. 316. 

 Carpel, morphology, ii. 89. 



— of Oupressus, ii. 443. 

 Carpels, arrangement, &c., i. 642. 



— arrangement on receptacle, ii. 74. 



— foliaceous, ii. 83. 



— persistence, ii. 719. 



Carpenter Bee and Spartium scoparium, ii. 



267. 

 Carpet, type of community, ii. 889, 893. 

 Carpinus and gall-mites, ii. 529. 



— bud-scales, i. 626. 



— cupule, ii. 434, 



— defoliation slow, i. 361. 



— embryo-sacs, ii. 478. 



— pollen-storing and dispersion, ii. 148. 



— vernation, i. 350, 631. 

 Carpinus Betulus, ii. 759. 



and Exoascus Carpini, ii. 527. 



chalazogamic fertilization, ii. 412. 



dimensions, i. 722. 



fruiting branch, ii. 433. 



height, i. 722. 



pocket-galls, ii. 532. 



Carpinus orientalis, seed-disperaal, ii. 854. | 



Carpium, definition, ii. 47. 



Carpophylla. See Ca/rpel8. 



Carpospore», ii. 606. 



Carpospores, of Coleochsete, ii. 654. 



Carrion -beetles and Dracunculus Creticus, 

 &c., ii. 165. 



Carrion-flies, favourite coloui'S and odours, 

 ii. 197. 



Carrot. See Damnis Cwrota. 



Carthamus, preservation of colour in Egyptian 

 graves, i. 262. 



Carthamus tinctorius, demonstration of irri- 

 gation, i. 96. 



Carthusian. Pink. See Diwnthue Garthusian- 

 orum. 



Cartilage, digestion of, by Pinguicula vul- 

 garis, i. 142. 



Carum carvi, schizocarp, ii. 427, 430. 



Caruncle, nature of, ii. 425. 



Carya, mode of fertilization unknown, iL 413. 



OaryophyUacese, ii. 196. 



— aestivation in, ii. 210. 



— autogamy in, ii. 335, 352, 355. 



— capsules, ii. 432. 



— carnivorous in minor degree, i. 155. 



— course of pollen-tubes, ii. 410. 



— crepuscular perfume, ii. 208. 



— cross-fertilization in, ii. 307. 



— distribution of sexes, ii. 298, 299. 



— floral envelopes, ii. 749. 



— gall-mites and flower metamorphoslB in, 



ii. 548. 



— heterostyly in, ii. 398. 



— hybrids among, ii. 584. 



~ insects and pollen, ii. 244. 



~ movements of stamens, ii. 250. 



— nectaries, ii. 175, 176. 



— nocturnal flowering, ii. 154. 



— pollen deposition in revolver-flowers, ii. 277. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



Caryophyllaceae, protandrous, ii. 312. 



— protandry and autogamy, ii. 336. 



— stigmatic surface in, ii. 281. 



— times of opening and closing, ii. 221. 

 CaryophyUinae, of Braun, ii. 605. 

 Caryopsis, nature of, ii. 429. 



— of Graminese, ii. 746. 

 Caryota, caudex, i. 714. 



— geographical distribution, ii. 740. 

 Caryota propinqua, i. 311. 



fate of specimen cultivated at Vienna, 



i. 310. 



leaf-section, i. 312. 



Casein, i. 458. 



Cashew-nut. See Anacardium ocoidentale. 



Cassia angustifolia, pod, ii. 431. 



Cassia lenitiva, stamen, ii. 91. 



Cassiope tetragona, rolled leaves, i. 304 



Cassytha, i. 182, 687; ii. 752. 



— aflanities, i. 171. 



— geographical distribution, i. 171. 



— germination and mode of attack, i. 176. 



— parasitism, i. 171. 



— physiological roots of seedling, i. 750. 

 Castanea, cotyledons, i. 608. 



— cupule, ii. 434. 



— fertilization, porogamic, ii. 413. 



— scent, ii. 200. 



Castanea sativa, thermal constants, i. 559, 



560. 

 Castanea vulgaris, age, i. 720. 



diameter, i. 722. 



fruit protection, ii. 442, 445. 



Castanospermum, seed-dispersal, ii. 837. 

 Casuarina, chalazogamic fertilization, ii. 412, 



616. 

 Casuarina quadrivalvis, branch and cross 

 section, i. 299. 



protection of stomata from moisture, 



i. 298. 

 Casuarinese, Australian, switch-plants, i. 330, 



376. 



— chalazogamic fertilization, ii. 413. 



— chlorenchyma, and stomates, i. 332. 



— little shadow from, i. 336. 



Catalpa, opening and closing of stigma, ii. 281. 



— pollen deposition, ii. 280. 



Catalpa syringaefolia, thermal constants, i. 



559, 560. 

 Catananche, protection of pollen from rain, 



u. 112. 

 Catananche ccerulea, duration of blossoming, 



ii. 218. 

 Catapult-fruits, ii. 840. 

 Catasetum, ii. 738. 

 Catasetum tridentatum, discharge of pol- 



linia, details, ii. 270. 



pollination, flower and parts, ii. 269. 



Caterpillars and Cordyceps, ii. 680. 



— as hosts, i. 168. 



— hosts of EntomophthoresB, ii. 672. 



— protection against, ii. 445. 

 Cathartolinum, guides, to houey, ii. 249. 

 Catingas, of Brazil, i. 356. 



Catkin, i. 739. 



Cat's-foot. See Gnaphalimn dioicurru 



Cattle, anthrax in, i. 163. 



Cattleya, ii. 738. 



Cattleya labiata, duration of flowering, ii. 214. 



Caucalis daucoides, autogamy, ii. 342. 



flowers, sexual conditions, ii, 296. 



protogynous, ii. 311. 



CaucEksus, plants of, i. 316. 

 Caudex, i. 655, 710. 



— characteristic examples, i. 712. 



— thorns and leaf-sheaths, i. 714. 

 Oaulerpa, habit, species, &c., ii. 645. 



— structure and light, 1. 388. 

 Caulescent Violas, cleistogaray, ii. 393. 

 Cauliflower, nature of, ii. 553, 

 Cauline buds, sboots, &c , ii. 28. 

 Caulis. Bee Stalk. 



Caulis herbaceus, i. 715. 

 Caulis suffruticosus, i. 715. 

 Cauloma. See Cmtdex. 

 Caulomes, underground, of Saprophytes, and 

 food-absorption, i. 114. 



Caulotretus, hosts of Kafflesiacese in Venez- 

 uela, i. 200. 



— undulation of stem, L 735. 

 CavaniUesla tuberculata, Brazilian Catingas, 



i. 656. 

 Cavern Moss. Bee Scfmtostega. 

 Cavities, grooves, &e., in leaves, for collection 



of water, i. 230. 

 Caylusea, ovary, ii. 75. 

 Cecidium, proposed application of term, ii. 



528. 

 Cecidomyia, escape of larvae from gallB, ii 



538. 



— gall-gnats, ii. 534. 



Cecidomyia Artemisise, gall on Artemisia 



campestris, ii. 547. 

 Cecidomyia Asperulse, galls on Asperula, ii. 



545. 

 Cecidomyia cerris, on leaf of Turkey Oak, ii. 



534. 

 Cecidomyia cratsegi, galls on Crataegus, ii. 

 546. 



possibility of transmitting effects, iL 554. 



Cecidomyia Ericae, galls on Erica, ii. 547. 

 Cecidomyia Galii, galls on Galium, ii. 545. 

 Cecidomsaa genisticola, galls on Genista 



tinctoria, ii. 546. 

 Cecidomyia Loti, bud-galls on Lotus cornicu- 



latus, ii. 544. 

 Cecidomyia phyteumatis, bud-galls on Fhy- 



teuma orbiculare, ii. 544. 

 Cecidomyia rosaria, cluster-galls on Salix, iL 



546. 

 Cecidomyia scopariae, ii. 547. 

 Cecidomyia Sisymhrii, galls on various Cru- 



ciferae, ii. 544. 

 Cecidomyia urticse, gall on nettle-leaf, ii 534, 

 Cecidomyia Verbasci, bud-galls on Verbas- 



cum, ii. 544. 

 Cecidomyia Veronic», galls on Veronica 



chamaedrys, ii. 546. 

 Cecidoses Eremita, escape of larva, ii. 539. 



galls on Duvana, ii. 534, 537. 



Cecropia peltata, myrmecophilous, ii. 233. 



Cedrela, seed appendages, ii. 424. 



Cedrela odorata, poUen-grains, ii. 99. 



Cedrela Toona, ii. 423. 



Cedrus, ii. 721. 



Cedrus atlantica, ii. 725. 



Cedrus Deodara, Asia Minor, ii. 725. 



freezing, i. 546. 



Cedrus Libani, ii. 725. 



age and height, L 722. 



Celandine. Bee ChelidoniAtm majits. 

 Celandine, Lesser. See Ranunculus Jicwria. 

 Celastrineae, aril in, ii. 425. 

 Celastrus, Brazilian, capsule-gall, ii. 539. 

 CelastruB scandens, weaving stem, L 672. 

 Cell, laticiferous, L 470. 



— naked, unfortunate term, i. 26. 



— observations of Brown and Mohl (1830- 



1840), 1. 14, 



— original meaning, i. 22. 



— partition-wall, i. 26. 



— shapes, i. 374; cf. PI. I. 



— the, a minature chemical laboratory, L 16. 



— wall of, early views, i. 23. 

 Cell-aggregates, various comparisons of, i, 27. 

 Cell-cavities, connecting passages between, 



L45. 

 Cell-chambers, i. 27. 

 Cell-complexes, sorts of, i. 586, 587. 

 Cell-contents, attraction of water by, i. 229. 

 Cell-division, i. 573. 



details, i. 580 et seq. 



in Spirogyra, ii. 657. 



Cell-formation, free, nature of, i. 575. 

 Cell-membrane, a sieve, L 57. 



assumed structure, i. 57. 



correct view of, i. 14. 



diffusion through, i. 59. 



elastic, i. 59. 



imbibition of water, i. 58. 



modifications of, i. 43. 



of Diatoms, L 40. 



penetrability of, i. 58. 



permeability in absorption-cells, i. 226. 



