938 



INDEX. 



Chara fragilis, structure and reproduction, 



ii. 660. 

 Chara rudia, great lime accumulator, i. 260. 

 Chara stelligera, starch stars, ii. 660. 

 Characese, i. 424; ii. 606. 



— apical-cell, division, i, 578. 



— fossil, Iruits, ii. 661. 



— lime deposition, strengtbeniug, i. 425 



— structure and reproduction, ii, 659. 

 Characium, nature of, ii. 639. 

 Charales, ii. 659. 



Cheilanthus odora, roUing up of frond, i. 314. 

 Cheiranthua Cheiri, possible cause of doub- 

 ling, ii. 554. 



scent, ii. 201. 



vitality of spermatoplasm, ii. 96. 



Chelidoninm, autogamy, ii. 341. 



— ovary, ii. 76. 



Chelidonium majus, caruacle, ii. 425, 



epiphyllous buds, ii. 43. 



latex, i. 470. 



Chemical affinity, i. 58. 

 Chenopodiaceee, ii. 468. 



— andrcecium, ii. 750. 



— embryo, ii. 422. 



— exstipulate, ii. 749. 

 Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus, i. 450. 

 Chenopodium Quinoa, endosperm, ii. 750. 

 Cherleria sedoides, nectaries, ii. 176. 

 Chermes, parthenogenesis, ii. 464. 

 Chermes abietis, and gall formation, ii. 534, 



544, 551. 

 Cherry, Dwarf. See Prunus ChamcEcerasus. 



— protection, ii. 446. 

 Cherry-gnm, source, i. 458. 

 Chervil. See Ck(Brophyllvm. 

 Chestnut. See Castanea. 



Chickweed, common. See Stellaria media. 

 Chili Pine. See AraucaHa imbricata. 

 Chinese, and artificial crossing, ii. 555. 



— galls, ii. 535. 



— Primrose. See Primula sinensis. 



— Tree of Heaven. See Ailanthus glandu- 



loaa. 

 Chirita sinensis, epiphyllous buds, ii. 43. 

 Chironomus and Aristolochia Clematitis, ii. 



244. 



— and Arum ItaUcum, ii. 165. 

 ChitinouB insects, protection against, ii. 237. 

 Chives. See A Ilium ScJicenoprasum. 

 Chlamydomonadese, description, ii. 628. 

 Chlamydomouas, reproduction, ii. 629. 



— vacuoles of swarm-spore, i. 30. 

 Chlamydospore and teleutospore, 11. 684. 

 Chlamydospores, in Hemiasci, ii. 674. 



— nature of, ii. 685. 



— of Ascomycetes, ii. 676. 



— of Hemibasidil, ii. 674. 



— of Mucor, ii. 673. 

 Chlorangium, life-cycle, ii. 636. 

 Chloranthy. See AntJiol/ysis. 

 Chlorenchyma, of switoh-plants, i. 331. 



— transpiring tissue, i. 278. 

 Chlorine, i. 83. 



— in ash of plants, i. 66. 

 Chlorochytrium Lemnee, habitat, life-history, 



ii. 637. 

 ChlorophycesB, ii. 606. 



— alliances of, ii. 620. 



— biological importance, ii. 627. 



— description, ii. 627. 



— reproduction, ii. 628. 

 Chlorophyll, i. 460. 



— absence not essential character of sapro- 



phytes, i. 103. 



— and depth of water, i. 387. 



— and light, i. 391 ; ii. 510. 



— distribution in mesophyll, i. 279. 



— fluorescence and function, i. 519. 

 ~- in aerial roots, i. 754. 



— in Algce, i. 375. 



— in cotyledons, i. 622. 



— in cotyledons and endosperm of Mistletoe, 



i. 206. 



— in relation to saprophytism, 1. 102. 



— in roots, i. 766. 



— iron necessary for formation of, i. 67. 



Chlorophyll, modus operandi, i. 379. 



— presence in all members, i. 375, 



— properties, composition, ash, theories 



about, i. 372. 



— protection, i. 390. 

 Chlorophyll-corpuscles, action on carbonic 



acid, i. 60. 



and decomposition of carbonic acid, &c., 



i. 63, 465, 371. 



and streaming protoplasm, L 34. 



arrangement, i. 375. 



changes in autumn leaves, i. 486. 



composition and activity, i. 430. 



function, general considerations, i. 377. 



in motile protoplasts, i. 30. 



in protonema of Luminous Moss, i. 385. 



movements, i. 380. 



of Florideae, i. 390. 



protean properties, i. 381. 



shape, &c., i. 42, PI. I. 



situation in cell, shape, multiplication, 



number, i. 371, 373. 



starch-grains in, i. 459. 



Chlorophytum comosum, vegetative propa- 

 gation, ii. 820. 



Cholera, i. 162, 163, 265, 506. 



Cholera Bacterium. See SpirochcBte cholerce 

 aMaticcE. 



Chondrilla, geitonogaray, ii. 319. 



Chondrioderma diff orme, life-history, i. 572. 



Christlanla, time of flowering, i. 518. 



Chromatophore, behaviour in Mougeotiaceee, 

 ii. 658. 



— fate in male gamete of Spirogyra, ii. 658. 



— of Chlamydomonas, ii. 629. 



— of Hydrodictyon, ii. 640. 



— of Pediastrum, ii. 639. 



— reduction in male gametes, ii. 633. 

 Chromatophores of ConjugatEe, ii. 654. 



— of Desmids, ii. 655. 



— of Dinoflagellata, 11. 625. 



— of Spirogyra, ii. 654. 

 Chroococcacese, as lichen-algEe, ii. 692. 



— characteristic genera, ii. 621. 

 Chroococcus, alga of Cora, ii, 695. 

 Chroococcuscinnamomeus,brick-redpatches, 



1. 105, 

 Chroolepidese, symbionts of Lichens, dis- 



peiBal, i. 246. 

 Chrysanthemum and ancient crossing, i. 555. 

 Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum, effect of 



mutilation, ii. 517. 

 Chrysobalanus, flower, ii. 293, 779. 

 Chrysosplenium, dehiscence of pollen-sacs, 



ii.92. 

 Chrysosplenium altemifolium, autogamy, ii. 



379. 

 Chytrideae, microscopic parasites, i. 169. 



— selection of host, i. 171. 

 Chytridiacese, ii. 606, 668. 



— characters, ii. 671. 



— sporangia and spores, ii. 17. 

 Chytridium OUa, life-history, 1. 170. 

 sporangia, &c., ii. 17. 



swarm-spore development, ii. 669. 



Oibotium, protection of sporangia, ii. 13. 

 Cicada and cuckoo-spit, ii. 490, 544. 

 Oichorium, protection of pollen, ii. 114. 

 Cichorium Intybus, latitude and closing, ii. 



217, 218. 

 Cieuta virosa, absorptive cells of, i. 91. 

 Older, i. 507. 

 Cilia, fate of, i. 31. 



— of Bacteria, ii. 623. 



— of swarm-spores, ii. 17. 



— of Vaucheria clavata, i. 24. 



— sorts of, i. 29. 



— vibratile, function of, i. 57. 

 Oilissa, sheltering in flowers, ii. 163. 

 Oimicifuga, coloured stamen-filaments, ii. 183. 



— nectaries, ii. 179. 

 Oimicifuga foetida, scent, ii. 202. 

 Cinchona, capsule, ii. 431. 



— ■ seed, ii. 423. 



Glncinnus, i, 738. 



Oinclidotus riparius, as mud-coUector, i. 



Clnnamomum,debiscence of pollen -sacs, ii. 93. 



— fossil, i. 636. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 124. 



— venation, i. 629. 

 Cinnamomum Zeylanicum, ii. 752. 

 Cinnamyl-alcohol, scent, ii. 200, 

 CinnyridsB, and transference of pollen, ii. 247. 

 Cinquefoll. See Potentilla. 



— Marsh. See Coma/rum paVustre. 

 Cinquefoils, vernation, i. 350. 

 Circasa, pollen-grains, ii 99, 101, 102. 

 Circaea alpina, absorptive cells and food- 

 absorption, i. 114. 



autogamy, ii. 343, 344. 



flower, 11. 236. 



fniit, ii. 343. 



habitat, i. 110. 



inflorescence and flowers, ii. 343. 



pollen-grains, ii. 98. 



tubers, ii. 796. 



Circsea Lutetiana, hooked fruit, ii. 871. 

 Circumnutation, nature of, i. 684, 

 Cirrhus foliaris, &c., i. 692, 694. 

 Cirsium, distribution of sexes, 11. 299, 



— hybrids, ii. 558, 585. 



— imperfect flowers, ii, 294. 



— results of various crossings, ii. 560. 



— spinose leaves, i. 438. 



— variation in hybrids, ii. 593. 



Cirsium affine, vegetative propagation, ii. 

 459. 



Cirsium aquilonare, hybrid, ii. 560. 



Cirsium arvense, and bud-galls of Urophora 

 cardui, ii. 543. 



and Puccinia suaveolens, ii, 525. 



&c., scent, ii.502. 



shade and growth, ii. 506. 



Cirsium Erisithales and C. palustre, hybrids, 

 ii. 559. 



Cirsium heterophyllum and C. canum, two- 

 coloured leaves, habitat, i. 293. 



and 0. oleraceum, hybrid between, ii. 



459. 



and C. spinosissimum, hybrid from, ii. 



459. 



Cirsium Linkianum, ii. 560. 



Cirsium nemorale, i. 436. 



deciduous plumes, ii. 860. 



pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



Cirsium ochroleucum, hybrid, ii. 560. 



Cirsium oleraceum and C. heterophyllum, 

 hybrids, ii. 559. 



Ciraium Pannonicum and C. Erisithales, hy- 

 brids, ii. 559. 



Cirsium purpureum, vegetative propagation, 

 ii. 458. 



Cirsium spinosissimum, i. 450. 



coloured bracts, ii. 183. 



Cirsium tataricum, hybrid of C. canum x C. 

 oleraceum, ii. 586. 



Cissus, anthooyanin, i, 484, 



— host of Eafaesias, i. 200. 



— tendrils, i. 694, 697, 699. 



— plants, used as vegetable springs, i, 271. 

 Cissus Teitchii. See Vitis inconstatis. 

 Cistus, sestivation, ii. 210. 



— conducting tissue for pollen-tubes, ii. 410. 



— duration of flowers, ii. 214. 



— hairs, i. 323. 



— hybrids, ii. 584. 



— nectarless, ii. 167. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 124. 



— shrubs, hosts of Cytintis Hypocistus, i. 



204. 



— sticky forms, ii. 235, 



Cistus Clusii, &c., varniah-like coating, i, 312. 

 Cistus Oretious, opening and closing, ii. 212. 

 Cistus laurif olius, vaxnish-like coating, i. 312. 

 Citric acid, i. 463, 



in Nepenthes pitcher, i. 135. 



Citron, oil of, ii. 203. 



— of Florence. See Citrus medica. 



— scent, ii. 203. 



Citrus, buds on leaf -cuttings, ii. 43. 

 ■-hybrids, ii. 569, 



— receptacle, i, 746, 

 Citrus medica, ii. 569. 



