952 



INDEX. 



Gnaphalium Leontopodium, hairiness and 

 habitat, i. 316. 



hairs, i. 321. 



GnaphaUum luteo-album, gall of Entyloma 



Aschersonii, &e., ii. 521. 

 GnaphaUum tomeutosum, hairs, ii. 330, 321. 

 Gnetacese, description, ii. 726. 



— embryo development, ii. 437. 



— Endlicher'a grouping, ii. 604. 



— seed-coats of, ii. 441. 



Godetia, viscin of poUen-grains, ii. 101. 

 Gcebel, classification of Thallophytes, ii. 606. 

 Goethe, i. 6. 



— attitude towards Linnean system, ii. 287. 



— his typical plant, i. 12. 



— on seed-dispersal, ii. 833. 



— treatise on metamorphosis, i. 10. 

 Gold Ferns. See Cfymnogramme. 

 Gold of Pleasure. See CaTnelina aatwa. 

 Golden Rod. See Solidago. 



Golden Saxifrage. See CTvrysospl&avmn. 

 Gomontia polyrhiza, life-cycle, ii. 651. 

 Gomphouema capitatum, ii. 626. 



— colonies, i. 585. 



Gonatonema, aplanospore formation, ii. 658. 

 Goneoclinic hybrids, ii. 559, 587. 

 Gongora galatea, twisting of ovary, IL 224. 

 Gonidia, of Lichens, ii. 692. 

 Goniolimon, absorptive organs, i. 234. 

 Gonium, structure, &c., ii. 631. 

 GoodeniaceSB, ii. 767. 



Goodyera repens, habitat and foliage, i. 110, 

 Gooseberry. See Ribes Grossularia. 

 Gorteria ringens, colour-contrast in flower, 



ii. 190. 

 Gossypium Barbadense, hairy seeds, ii. 855. 

 Gossypium herbaceum, fruit and seeds, ii. 



423. 

 Gourd. See Cucurhita Pepo. 

 Graft, relation to stock, ii. 571. 

 Graft-hybrids, ii. 569, 572. 

 Grafting, i. 213, 214. 

 Grafting, perpetuation of hybrids by, ii. 556 



— resemblance to parasitism in Loranthacese, 



i. 213. 

 Gramiuese, ii. 719. 



— attacked by Smut-fungi, ii. 674. 



— brood-bodies, ii. 29. 



— caryopsis, ii. 746. 



— cleistogamy in, ii. 392. 



— course of poUen-tubes, ii. 408. 



— dehiscence of pollen-sacs, ii. 93. 



— descriptive details, ii. 745, 746. 



— dichogamy, ii. 140, 312. 



— elevation and coloration, ii. 511. 



— embryo of, ii. 422. 



— from chalk, ii. 613. 



— germination, i. 604. 



— glumes, ii. 434. 



— hybrids among, ii. 583. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



— pollination, ii. 133, 140, 141. 



— substratum, ii. 498. 



— venation, i. 634. 



Grammatocarpus voluhilis, nutation, i. 683. 

 Grammatophora serpentina, ii. 626. 

 GrammitidejB, tribe of Polypodiaceae, ii. 706. 

 Grammoptera, and Listera, ii. 256. 

 "Grandes espSces", ii. 581. 



Granite, i. 83. 



Granulose, formation, i. 459, 460. 



Grapes, and Peronospora viticolo, ii. 670. 



Grape-sugar, decomposition by yeast, i. 606. 



Graphite, origin of, ii. 610. 



Grasses. See also Qraminece. 



— anthocyaoin and elevation, i. 622. 



— aqueous mantle of assimilating tissue, i. 



369. 



— localization of wax, i. 292, 



— Mediterranean, hairiness of, i. 318. 



— perennial, time of appearance in dry 



regions, i. 318. 



— periodic folding of leaves, i. 339. 



— reed-like, adaptation to wind. i. 427. 



— silicic acid in, i. 67. 



— stomata on leaves, i. 280. 



— trabeculse in green cells, i. 374. 



Grass-leaves, folding of, i. 341, 342, 343. 

 Graaa-tree, Australian. See Xanthorrliea 



haatilie, PI. XVI. 

 Grasa Wrack. See Zostera. 

 Gravitation, force to be overcome in ascent 



of crude aap, i. 269. 

 Grayness, of shore vegetation, i. 390. 

 Grazing animals and young trees, 1. 445. 

 Greek flora, general grayness of, i. 317. 

 Green, intensity of, and illumination, i. 381. 



— Algae. See Chlorophycece. 



zone in sea, i. 390. 



Greenland, winter temperatures, i. 547. 

 Green Laver. See Ulva latissima. 

 Green-rot, of trees, i. 263. 



Green tissue, production of, i. 426. 



— tissues, behaviour towards lighti i. 383, 



384. 

 Gregoria, heterostyly, ii. 302. 

 GreviUea, vertical leaf -blades, i. 336. 

 Grew, Nehemlah, figures of plant anatomy, 

 i. 22. 



on crumpled aestivation, ii. 310. 



Grimmla,. hybrids in, ii. 583. 



— renders limestone friable, i. 258. 



— vegetative propagation, ii. 458. 

 Grimmia apocarpa, absorption of carbonic 



acid, i. 62. 

 Grimmia Hartmanni, parthenogenesis, ii. 464. 

 Grimmi», collection of dust, i. 266. 



— nutrition, i, 81. 



— special absorptive ceUs of, i. 218. 



— spore-dispersal, ii. 814. 



Grindelia scjuarrosa, varaish-like covering, 



i. 313. 

 Gromwell. See lAthospermum. 

 Grooves ou stem, and rain-water, i. 95. 

 Ground Ivy. See Glechoma hederaeea. 

 Groundsel. See Senecio vulgwris. 

 Ground water, ineflQciency, &c., ii. 501. 

 Growth and heat, i. 512, 518, 557. 



— and light, i. 518. 



— and periodic movements, ii. 220. 



— and snow-pressure, i. 523. 



— dependence on water, i. 510. 



— geometrically considered, i. 405, 



— hypothetical mechanism, i. 512. 



— infiuence of elevation on, ii. 407, 508, 509, 



523. 



— nature of, i. 55. 



— period of, in wettest season in certain 



localities, i. 306. 

 Grubbiacese, ii. 754. 

 Gschnitzthal (Tyrol), i. 65. 



— changes in flora of, ii. 910. 



— Kerner's experimental garden, ii. 453. 



— mechanical force of roots, i. 514. 

 Guard-cells of stoma, i. 280. 



function and structure, i. 308. 



Guelder-rose. See Viburnum Opulua. 

 Guepinia, appearance of, i. 112. 



— shrivelling through loss of water, i. 216. 

 Guests of plants, bidden and unbidden, ii. 221. 

 Gulf Stream, blueness, i. 389. 

 Gulf-weed. See Sargassum bacdferum. 

 Gum-arabic, source, 1. 458. 



Gum-resin, water retention, i. 330. 

 Gum-tragacanth, source, i. 458. 

 Guttifene of Brauu, ii. 605. 

 Gymnadenia, ii. 737. 



— and Noctuse, ii. 256. 



— hybrids, ii. 563, 583. 



— pollen deposition and retention, ii. 284. 



— spur and honey, ii. 255. 

 Gymnadenia Conopsea, and Nigritella nigra, 



colour of flowers and hybrid, ii. 567. 



capsules in dry and wet weather, ii. 448. 



scent, ii. 201, 203. 



— — seed, Ii. 451. 



Gymnoascus uncinatus, habitat, i. 118. 

 Gymnocladus, 1, 488. 



— bud-scales, i. 626. 



Gymnocladus canadensis, leaf, diurnal posi- 

 tions, i. 534. 



reserve-buds, ii. 32. 



separation-layers, i. 360. 



Gymnogramme, sorus, ii. 706. 



Gymnospermse, absence of fossil connecting 

 links with Phanerogams, ii. 613. 



— classes, ii. 718. 



— development of embryo, ii. 437. 



— distinctive features, iL 719. 



— fertilization, ii. 418. 



— fruits, ii. 437. 



— homology of embryo-sac and contents to 



germinated macrospore, ii. 478. 



— of Endlicher, &c., ii. 604. 



— pollination, ii. 419. 



— protection of ovule, ii. 72. 

 Gymnosporangium, teleutoapores, &c., ii. 687. 

 Gymnosporangium clavariseforme, &c., ii. 519, 



521. 

 Gymnosporangium j uniperinum.heteroecism, 



n. 686. 

 Gymnostomum, absence of peristome, ii. 703. 

 Gymnostomum curvirostre, lime incnisted, 



i260. 

 GynandrsB, floral characters, ii. 736. 

 Gynerium argenteum, pollination, ii. 142 

 Gypsophila, autogamy, ii. 345. 



— nectaries, ii. 176. 



Gypsophila paniculata, inflorescence, i. 738. 

 Gypsophila repens, anthocyanin, i, 522. 



elevation and coloration, ii. 511. 



Gypaum, good for clover, i. 74. 



— in cell, i. 72. 



— on leaves, i. 236. 



Gyrocarpus Asiaticus, seed-dispersal, ii. 853. 

 Gyrogonites, fossil characeous fruits, ii. 661. 

 Gyrophoras, absorption of water, i. 218. 



H. 



Haastia, distribution and appearance, ii. 188. 

 Habenaria, ii. 737. 



— pollen deposition and retention, ii. 284. 



— specific differences and insect visits, ii. 



256. 



— spur and honey, ii. 255. 



Habenaria bifolia, flower and pollination, 

 ii. 225, 227. 



nocturnal perfume, ii. 208. 



poUinia, ii. 256. 



scent, ii. 201, 204. 



Habenaria chlorantha, rostellum, ii. 255. 

 Habenaria Hookeri, specific distinction from 



H. montana, ii. 256. 

 Habenaria montana, pollinia, ii. 256. 



scentless, ii. 204. 



Haberlea, nectary, ii. 175. 



Haberlea rhodopensis, direction of flowers, 



ii225. 

 Habitat and greenness, i. 384. 



— and infiuence on plant form, ii. 497. 



— and permanence of hybrids, iL 587. 



— and variation, i. 394. 



— influence on anatomy, ii. 511, 



— of epiphytes, i. 222, 325. 



— of tamarisks, frankenias, &c., extreme 



aridity of, 1. 237. 

 Habitats, sorts of, ii. 879, 883. 

 Hiicquetia, behaviour of stamens, i. 740. 



— geitonogamy, details, ii. 323. 



— protogynous, ii. 311. 



Hadena and Habenaria bifolia, ii. 256. 



Hffimatochrome, of eye-spot, ii 629. 



Hsematococcus, reason of name, ii. 631. 



Hseraatococcus pluvialis. See Spkcerella. 



Hairiness of plants, in relation to habit and 

 cUmate, i. 316. 



Hair-mosses. See Polytrickum. 



Hairs, absence of, in plants with incrusta- 

 tions, i. 313. 



— actinia-like, i. 324. 



air-containing, protective functions, i. 314. 



— articulated, i. 320. 

 branched, i. 323. 



— capitate or glandular, i. 229. 



— cauline of Stellaria media, i. 229. 



— clayey appearance due to, i. 324, 



— covering, i. 321. 



— dry, air-containing, chief means of protec- 



tion from undue evaporation, i. 317. 



