964 



INDEX. 



Nigella, nectaries, ii, 179. 



Nigella arvensis, effect of mutilation, ii. 



517. 

 Nigella Damascena, styles, i. 645. 

 Nigella elata, honey-leaf, ii. 180. 

 Nigella sativa, honey-leaf, ii. 180. 

 Night-flowers, ii. 213. 

 Nightshade, Alpine Enchanter's. See Cvrccea 



alpina. 



— scent, ii. 202. 



NigriteUa, position of labellum, ii. 224. 

 NigriteUa nigra, scent, ii. 201. 

 Nigritella suaveolens, hybrid, ii. 563, 586. 



hybrid, colour of flowers, ii. 567. 



Nipple-wort. See Lapsana. 

 Nissolia, phyllodes, i. 335. 

 Nitella, characteristic feature, ii. 661. 

 Nitella syncarpa, freezing, i. 540, 542, 

 Nitric acid, agent in weathering, i. 83, 



earliest source, i. 64. 



reduction, i. 458. 



sources of, i. 83. 



Nitriflcation of soil, by Bacteria, ii. 624. 

 Nitrogen, i. 258. 



— fixation by Bacteria, ii. 624. 



— in albumen, i. 457. 



— non-accumulation from hydrophytes, i. 



261. 



— percentage in air, 1. 64. 



— replacing hydrogen, i. 454. 



— sources of, i. 64, 457. 



Nitrogenous compounds, not respired di- 

 rectly, i. 495. 



probably obtained by water-absorbing 



aerial organs, i. 241. 

 Nitrogenous matter, effect on glands of 



Drosera, i. 144. 

 Nodding of flowers, and protection of 



pollen, ii. 119. 

 Nodes, of stem, i. 396, 658, 



— relation of hairs to, in Stellaria media, i. 



227. 

 Noea spinosissima, spinosity, i. 444. 

 Nolanaceae, ii. 771. 

 Nonnea, pollen-grains, ii. 99. 

 Non-saprophytes, on trees, i. 106. 

 Norway Maple, See Acer platanddes. 

 Nostoc and Collema, ii. 694. 



— association with other plants, ii. 622. 

 Nostoc edule, ii. 621. 



Nostocaceae, as Lichen-aJgse, ii. 692, 



— description, ii. 621. 



— filaments, i. 586. 



— habit, i. 589. 



Nostocinese, lime incrtwted, i, 260. 



— loss of bulk through loss of water, i, 216, 

 Notochlsena Marantso, rolling up of frond, i, 



314. 

 Nottingham Oatchfly. See Silene nutaiis. 

 Nucellus, of ovule, ii. 72, 81, 644. 

 Nucleus, of cell, and starch - formation in 

 Spirogyra, ii. 657. 



central organ, i. 53. 



composition, Ac, i. fl. 



functions, ii. 493. 



importance of, i. 48. 



in streaming protoplasm, i. 34. 



structure, i. 569. 



structure and division, i. 580, 581. 



— of ovule, i. 644. 



— of starch grain, i. 460. 

 NuLipores, fossil Eloridero, ii. 614. 

 Nuphar, ovary, ii. 75. 



— position of stomata on leaves, i. 280. 

 Nuphar intermedium, fertility, ii. 690. 

 mean cross, ii. 558. 



Nuphar luteum and N, pumilum, hybrid, 



ii. 558, 589. 

 Nutating tendrils, i. 696. 

 Nutation, of roots, i. 774. 



— of twining sterna, i. 683. 

 Nut, embryo protection, ii. 450. 



— nature of, ii. 429. 



"Nut-cracker" and Walnut, &c,, ii. 446. 

 Nutmeg. See Myristica moschata. 

 Nutrition and gamete-formation, ii. ^41. 



— and sexual organs of Yaucheria, ii, 644. 



Nutrition, mode of, best determined by 

 artificial cultures, i. 104. 



— of plants, mutation, translocation, &c., of 



substances concerned in, i. 258. 

 Nux-vomica, cells from seed, i. 45. 

 Nyctaginacese, calcium oxalate crystals, i. 570. 



— perianth, ii. 749. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 97, 102. 

 Nyctaginese, ii. 196. 



Nyctandra, dehiscence of pollen-sacs, ii. 93. 



— stamen, ii, 91. 



Nymphsea, floating fruits, ii. 848. 



— leaf and transpiration, i. 288. 



— position of stomata on leaves, i. 280. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 113. 

 Nymphcea alba, ash of, i. 69. 



contrivance for getting rid of rain- 

 water, i. 288. 



habit and habitat, ii. 511. 



latitude and closing, ii. 218. 



pollen-grains, ii. 99, 100. 



Nymphsea coerulea, scent, ii. 201. 

 Nymphsea Devoniensis, size of flowers, ii. 



185. 

 Nymphsea gigantea, size of flowers, ii. 185. 

 Nymphffla guianensia, epiphyllous buds, ii. 



43. 

 Nymphsea Lotus and N. dentata, hybrid and 



sepals, ii. 576. 



anthocyanin, i. 521. 



Nymphsea thermalia, anthocyanin, L 521. 

 Nymphsaacefe, anther, u. 90. 



O. 



Oak. See Quercm. 

 Oak-apples, nature of, ii. 528. 

 Oak-galls, various, ii. 541. 

 Oak-leaves, galls on, ii. 552. 

 Oat. See A vena sativa. 

 Oats, pollination, ii. 142. 



— starch, i. 459. 



Obione halimifolia, ' ' deaf " f ruita, ii. 468. 



Ochna, flower and fruit, ii. 778. 



Ochrus, phyllodes, i. 335. 



Ocymum and cold, i. 545. 



Ocymum Basilicum, pericarp mucilage, i. 



615. 

 Odontidium hiemale, in spring above Arzler 



Alp, i. 71. 

 Odontites, parasitic, i. 176. 

 Odontites lutea, culture experiment, i. 180. 

 Odontoglossum, edible flesby growths, i. 170. 

 Odontogloasum Bossii, duration of flowering, 



ii. 214. 

 Odour, and poisonous properties, i. 431. 

 Odours, variety in a genus, &c., ii. 487. 

 CEdogoniacese, ii. 650. 

 (Edogonium and Chytridium 011a, ii. 669. 



— chlorophyll body, i. 373. 



— life-history, ii, 650. 

 CEnanthic acid, ii, 202. 

 CEnothera, and insect visits, ii. 223. 



— downward pull of roots, i. 767. 



— moths and pollen, ii. 247. 



— opening of flower, ii. 212. 



— stigma, ii. 283. 



(Enothera biennis, autogamy, ii. 253. 

 flower, ii. 247- 



— — inflorescence, ii. 282. 



pollen-grains with viacin threads, ii. 101. 



(Enothera grandiflora, opening of flower, ii. 



212. 

 CEnothera muricata, autogamy, ii. 253. 

 Offshoots, ciliated, ii. 802. 



— dispersal by water, ii. 805. 



— formation and climatic conditions, ii. 453. 



— on runners, ii. 801. 



— propagation by, ii. 790. 

 Oil, of bitter almonds, i. 462. 



— of cloves, ii. 200. 



— of Neroli, source, ii. 203. 



— of turpentine, lavender, &c., i, 461. 

 Oken, nature-philosophy (1810), i. 13. 

 Olacacene, ii, 754. 



Old Man'a Beard Lichen, See Usnea barhata. 



Old World, hairiness of plants on steppes and 



deserts, i. 317. 

 Oleacese, ii. 771. 



Oleander, See Nerium Oleander. 

 Olfactory organs, in man and animals, ii. 204. 

 Olive grove on the shores of Lake Garda, i. 



275. 



— oil, decomposition, i. 462. 

 Olive-tree, stomata, i. 280. 

 Ombrophytum, appearance and dimensions, 



i. 196. 



— Peruvian name, L 196. 



Omphalia, in aalt-mine at Hallstatt, i. 101. 

 Omphalodes verna, flower colour and sur- 

 roundings, ii. 194. 

 Onagracese, ii. 781. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 99, 102. 

 Oncidium, aerial roots, i. 222, 753, 



— edible fleshy growths, ii. 170, 

 Oncidium Papilio, PI. XIII. 



animal mimicry, ii. 229. 



Onion. See A Ilium. 



Onobrychis, insects and keel movements, ii. 



252. 

 Onobrychis 8equidentata,hooked fruit, ii. 873. 

 Onobrychis comuta, spinosity, i. 444. 

 Ononis, pollen expulsion, ii. 260. 

 Onopordon, method of water-conduction, i. 96. 



— movements of stamens, ii. 252. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 126, 



— spiny leaves, i. 438. 

 Onosma, bristles, i. 441, 

 Ontogeny and phyllogeny, ii. 608. 

 Oogonia, of Achlya lignicola, ii. 671. 

 Oogonium, deflnition, ii. 47. 



— of Fucus vesiculosus, ii. 663. 

 Oomycetes, characteristics, ii. 668. 

 Oophyte, of Pteridophyta, characteristics, iL 



704. 

 Ooplasm, protection in Phanerogams, ii. 72. 

 Ooplast, of Phanerogams, ii. 81. 

 Oospheres, of Chlorophycese, ii. 628. 

 Oospore, of Chlorophycefe, ii. 628. 

 Opegrapha lithyrga, habitat, i. 117. 

 Opera Girl. See Mantisia. 

 Operculum, of Moss capsule, ii. 702. 

 Ophelia, nectaries, ii. 178. 

 Ophioglossacese, characteristics, ii. 709. 



— two kinds of fronds, ii. 12. 

 Ophioglossum vulgatum, radical buds, ii. 28, 

 Ophrys comuta, flower, ii. 226. 



insect platform, ii. 227. 



Opium, latex of Papaver somniferum, i. 470. 

 Opium Poppy. See Papaver somniferum. 

 Opoponax Cretica, seed-<lispersal, ii. 853. 

 Opuntia, insect platform, ii. 229. 



— irritable staminal fllaments, ii. 264. 



— opening of flower, ii. 212. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 113. 



— spines, i. 446. 



— stem structure, i. 327. 



Opuntia nana, recurrent opening, ii. 213. 



atigma, ii. 279. 



Opuntia Hafinesquii, barbed bristles, i. 439. 

 Orache. See Atriplex. 

 Oraches, and animals, i. 432. 



— trimethylamine, i. 462. 

 Orange-flower scent, ii. 203. 



Orange Lily. See lAUuvi croceum and L. 



bulbiferum. 

 Orange-tree, odours, i. 461. 

 Orchid inflorescence, position of flowers to 



axis, ii. 256. 

 Orchidacese, characteristic of flower, ii. 736. 



— deistogamy in, ii. 393. 



— epiphyllous buds, ii. 43. 



— hybrids among, ii. 683. 



— ovary, ii. 77. 



-j pollination, details, ii. 253. 



— subdivisions, ii. 736. 

 Orchids, anther, ii. 93. 



— aqueous tissue, i. 328. 



— chlorophyll in roots, i. 766. 



— chlorophyll in seeds, &c., i. 376. 



— conducting tissue for pollen-tubes, ii. 410. 



— cross-fertilization, ii. 302. 



— cylindrical leaves in, i. 327. 



