INDEX. 



981 



Vaccinium uliginosum, and Exobasidium 

 Vacoiaii, ii. 526. 



autumnal tints, i. 490. 



nectaries, ii. 175. 



stamen, ii. 91. 



Vaccinium Vitis-Idsea, and animals, i. 432. 



and Exobaaidium Vaccinii, ii. 526. 



and MelampsoraGceppertiana, ii.525. 



pollen-sprinkling, ii. 224. 



shade and growth, ii. 506. 



watei^coUecting and -absorbing or- 

 gans, i. 231. 

 Vacuole, central, i. 41. 



— systole and diastole, i. 30. 

 Vacuoles, pulsating, i. 31. 

 Vagina, of leaf, i. 595. 



Valerian, WUd. See Valei-iana officinalis. 

 Valeriana, imperfect flowers, ii. 294. 



— leaf size and vertical height, i. 287. 



— massing of flowers, ii. 186. 



— scent, ii. 202, 488. 



Valeriana dioica, imperfect flowers, ii. 295. 



protogyny, ii. 312. 



Valeriana globularisefolift, nectary, ii. 178. 

 Valeriana montana, anthocyanin, i. 520. 



&c., distribution of sexes, ii. 298. 



nectary, ii. 178. 



Valerianaoflacinalis,cross-fertilization,ii.307. 



flower, ii. 178, 289. 



fruit, ii. 432. 



Valeriana Phu, elevation and coloration, 



a 511. 

 Valeriana polygama, protogynous, ii. 312. 

 Valeriana saxatilis, scent, ii. 202. 

 Valeriana simplicifolia, elevation and col- 

 oration, ii. 511. 



imperfect flowers, ii. 295. 



Valeriana tripteris, anthocyanin, i. 520, 



plumed fruits, ii. 857. 



protogynous, ii. 312. 



Valeriana tuberosa, store roota, i. 760. 

 Valerianacese, iL 765. 



— dichogamy in, ii. 312. 

 ValerianeUa Auricula, autogamy, ii. 351. 

 ValerianeUa carinata, autogamy, ii. 351. 



doubling through gall-mite, ii. 549. 



mite-galls, ii. 523. 



ValerianeUa dentata, protogynous, ii. 310. 

 Valerianic acid, ii. 202. 

 Valerian scent, ii. 202. 

 Vallisneria, dioecious, ii. 299. 



— flower-stalk, i. 53. 



— pollen dispersion, ii. 105. 



— venation, i. 636. 



Vallisneria altemifolia, pollination, ii. 133. 

 Vallisneria spiralis, i. 667. 



and heat, i.'554. 



■ flowers and pollination, ii. 132. 



Valoniaceae, thaUus characteristics, ii. 646. 

 Valonias, colonies, i. 585. 

 Valvate dehiscence of pollen-sacs, ii. 93. 

 Vanda coerulea, duration of flowering, ii. 214. 

 Vanda teres, seed-dispersal, ii. 862. 



" seeds and hygroscopic hairs, ii. 859. 



Vanessa Urticse, larvae on nettles, i. 442. 



Vanilla, scent, ii. 200. 



VaniUa Orchid, ii. 738. 



Variation, effect of habitat on, i. 394. 



— possible factors in, ii. 593. 



— structural, i. 8. 

 Variegation, causes of, i. 285. 



Varnish excreting cells, distinctive features, 

 i. 237. 



— protective coating, i. 353. 

 Varnish-like covering of epidermis, composi- 

 tion, restrictive of transpiration, i. 312. 



Vascular bundle, strengthening of, i. 725, 

 Vascular bundles, in leaf and stem, i. 649. 

 Vascular bundle-sheath, i. 469. 

 Vascular Cryptogams, alternation of genera- 

 tions, i. 709. 



common characteristic, ii. 67. 



Palaeozoic remains, ii. 612. 



— — sexual reproductive organs, ii. 62. 



two generations distinct, ii. 474. 



VasciUar tissue and transpiration, i. 347, 362. 

 Vaucheria. PI. I., ii. 57. 



Vaucheria, chlorophyll granules, i. 373. 



— cilia of, i. 29. 



— colonies, i. 585. 



— conditions favourable to development of 



sexual organs, ii. 644. 



— germination, i. 575. 



— Klebs' experiments, ii. 482, 



— sporangium and spore, ii. 17. 

 Vaucheria clavata, as mud collector, i. 267. 

 motion of swarm-spore, i. 24. 



structure and behaviour towarife light, 



i. 383. 



zoospore-formation, ii. 645. 



Vaucheria sessilia, fertilization, ii. 63. 



Vaucheriacese, ii. 643. 



Vega expedition, temperature observations, 



i. 547. 

 Vegetable and animal bodies, analogies, i. 591. 



— kingdom, divisions, ii. 617. 



— mould, conditions of formation, i. 263. 

 Vegetable Sheep. See JSaastia. 

 Vegetation, at mouths of drains, i. 105. 



— characteristics on sea-shore, i. 390. 



— coal period, i. 636. 



— lines of, ii. 881. 



— marine, vertical zone, i. 387. 



— mountain limits, i. 527. 



— of heaths and moors, indigestibility, i. 432. 

 Vegetative cell, of poUen-grain, ii. 420. 



— propagation, ii. 790. 



lengths of runners, ii. 802. 



various causes, ii. 459. 



Vella spinosa, spines, i. 444, 449. 

 Velum, of Isoetes, ii. 716. 



— partiale, of Agaricinese, ii. 689. 



— universale, of Agaricinese, ii. 689. 

 Velvety, texture, i. 320. 



Venation, importance in PaUeo-botany, i. 635. 



— speciflc constancy, i. 635. 



— of leaf, terminology, i. 629 et seq. 



— of leaves, i. 631. 



Venetian lagoons, vegetation, ii. 104. 

 Ventilation-canals, functions of, i. 63. 

 Ventral canal-ceU, in Gymnosperms, ii, 419. 

 Ventral suture, of folhcle, &c., ii. 430. 

 VenuS's Fly-trap. See Dioncea muscipula, 



— Looking-glass. See Specular^ speculum. 

 Veratrum, hermaphrodite and staminate 



flowers, ii. 297. 

 Veratrum album, grooving of leaf, i. 96. 



odourless, i. 431. 



Verbascum, edible staminal hairs, ii. 170. 



— hairs and animals, i. 442. 



— hybrid flower colour, ii. 567. 



— hybrids, ii. 585. 



— leaves and light, i. 410. 



— sterility of hybrids, ii. 571. 

 Verbascum Austriacum, axid bud-galls of 



Cecidomyia Verbasci, ii. 544. 



colour-contrast of flower, ii. 189. 



Verbascum Blattaria, nectaries, ii. 177. 



corolla and autogamy, ii. 367. 



Verbascum Lychnitis, and bud-galls of Ceci- 

 domyia Verbasci, ii. 544. 



Verbascum nigrum, and bud-galls of Ceci- 

 domyia Verbasci, ii. 544. 



colour-contrast of flower, ii. 189. 



Verbascum olympicum, hairs, i. 324. 



Verbascum phlomoides, i. 97. 



method of water-conduction, i. 96. 



— — stomatal protective hairs, i. 292. 

 Verbascum phoenicum, nectaries, ii. 177. 

 Verbascum pulverulentum, deciduous pro- 

 tective branched hairs, i. 354. 



Verbascum thapsiforme, hairs, i. 322. 

 Verbascum Tbapsus, autogamy, ii. 350. 



function of woolly hairs, i. 227. 



stomatal protective hairs, i. 292. 



tea, i. 443, 



Verbascum verulentum, hairs, i. 324. 

 Verbena oflacinalis, houey protection, ii. 241. 

 Verbenacese, ii. 771. 

 Vernation, crumpled, t 349. 



— in relation to transpiration, i. 348. 



— of pinnate leaves, i. 350. 



— plaited, i. 349. 



Veronica, opening of flower, ii. 212. 



Veronica, protogynous, ii. 311. 



— seed dispersed by rain, ii. 846. 



— stamens as Insect platform, ii. 225. 

 Veronica alpina, weather and autogamy, ii. 



391. 



Veronica Anagallis, extremes of growth, ii. 

 500. 



leaves, atrial and submerged, ii. 501. 



Veronica Beccabunga, habit and tempera- 

 ture, ii. 503. 



Veronica bellidioldes, weather and autoga- 

 my, ii. 391. 



Veronica ehamaedrys and galls of Cecidomyia 

 Veronicae, ii. 547. 



elevation of petioles, i. 419. 



inflorescence, ii. 226. 



insects and pollen, ii. 245. 



weather and autogamy, ii, 391. 



Veronica hederifolia, origin of flower-stalk, 

 i. 737. 



Veronica maritima, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



Veronica oflacinalis, elevation of petioles, i. 

 419. 



gall-mites and doubling of flowers, ii. 553. 



honey protection, ii. 241. 



Veronica polllta, light and growth, ii. 508. 



Veronica praecox, anthocyanin, 1. 512. 



Veronica saxatilis, gall-mites and flower 

 metamorphosis, ii. 548. 



Veronica scutellata, weaving habit, i. 674. 



Veronica spicata, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



Veronica spuria, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



Verrucaria calciseda, heat resistance, i. 554. 



Vermcaria purpurascens, heat resistance, i. 

 554. 



Versatile anther, ii. 90. 



of Grasses, ii. 141. 



Verticillatse, general characteristics, ii. 646. 



Verticordia oculata, seed-dispersal, ii. 855. 



Vervain. See Verbena officinalis. 



Vessels, absence in seedling of Cuscuta, i. 172. 



— in young Orobanche, i. 184. 



— laticiferous, i. 470. 



— nature of, i. 46. 



— size, i. 362. 



— spiral, i. 471. 



— various, i. 469. 



Vetch, Bitter. See Ordbus vemus. 



Vetches, S. Europe, phyllodes, i. 335. 



Viburnum lantana, behaviour of stamens, i. 

 740. 



deciduous stellate hairs, i. 354. 



geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



scent, ii. 200. 



texture of mite-gaU, ii. 533. 



unfolding leaves, i. 349. 



Viburnum Lentago, 1. 488. 



Viburnum Opulus, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



peripheral flowers, ii. 187. 



scent, ii. 200. 



water-absorption, direct from atmo- 

 sphere, i. 238. 



Vicia, how protected, i. 451. 



— keel movements and poUen-brush, ii. 252. 



— seeds and heat, i. 555. 



— tendrils, i. 693. 



Vicia amphicarpa, cleistogamy, ii. 393. 

 Viola Cracca, elevation and coloration, ii. 511. 

 Vicia dumetorum, seed protection, iL 446. 

 ViciaFaba, colour-contrast of flowers, ii. 189. 

 Vicia Melanops, ii. 190. 

 Vicia picta, ii. 190. 



Vicia pisiformis, seed protection, ii. 446. 

 Vicia sepium, elevation and coloration, ii. 511. 

 Vicia sylvatica, seed protection, ii. 446. 

 Victoria regia, anthocyanin, i. 521. 



colour contrast of flower, ii. 190. 



in the Kiver Amazon. PL XI. 



leaf and transpiration, i. 288. 



position of stomata on leaves, i. 280. 



prickles, i. 433. 



protective isolation by water, ii. 234. 



size of flowers, ii. 185. 



venation, i. 636. 



Vienna, time of flowering, i. 518. 

 Villarsia, allurement by petals, ii. 171. 



— leaf-rosettes, i. 412. 



