CONTENTS ix 



CMAPTni rAGI 



XVII. Primitive Beliefs about Fatherless Progeny 221 



Harvey and Milton — Reproduction by Budding — Stories 

 of Virgin Births — Spiritual Theory of Conception. 



XVIII. The Pygmy Races of Men 230 



Characteristics of Pygmies — Colour of the Skin — 

 Egyptian Stories of Pygmies — Congo and New 

 Guinea Pygmies — The Causes of Small Size — Small- 

 ness a Correlation. 



XIX. Prehistoric Petticoats 244 



Early Carvings and Pictures — Paintings in Caverns — 

 Painting of Human Figures — Artistic Sympathy — 

 Aurignacians and Bushmen Allied. 



XX. New Year's Day and the Calendar . . .256 



Make-believe and New Year — Divisions of Time — The 

 Difficulties of the Calendar — Pope Gregory's Ten 

 Days — The Astronomer Royal and the Shah. 



XXI. Eastertide, Shamrocks and Spermaceti . . 267 



The Real Shamrock — Sham Shamrock — Leonardo or 

 Lucas f — Various Fats. 



XXII. The Strange History of the Tadpoles of 



the Sea 276 



Sea-squirts — The Anatomy of a Sea-squirt — The Sea- 

 squirt's Coat — The Sea-squirt's Young — Gill-slits — 

 Structure of the Sea-squirt's Tadpole — Fixation of 

 the Sea-squirt's Tadpole — The Frog's Tadpole- 

 Simplification with Specialisation — Mites as Deca- 

 dent Spiders — Composite Sea-squirts — Phosphores- 

 cent Colonies — The Organs of Phosphorescence — 

 Solitary Salps and Chain-salps — Tell-tale Young 

 Stages — The Peacock's Train — Simplification of 

 Train-feathers. 



XXIII. Museums 310 



The Muses — The Museum of Alexandria — Picture Gal- 

 leries and Museums — The Purposes of Museums — 

 The First Business of Museums — National Value of 

 Museums — University Museums — Not for Children 

 but for Adults — Screens and Electric Lifts — Frames 

 and Setting of Pictures. 



XXIV. The Secret of a Terrible Disease . . .330 



The Angel of Death — The Tyranny of Parasites — 

 Typhus and Monkeys — Typhus Fever in Russia. 



