270 BACTERIOLOGY. 



of the nares, but its most conspicuous expressions are in 

 the skin and muscles, where appear abscesses, phleg- 

 mons, erysipelas-like inflammations, aind local necrosis 

 closely resembling carbuncles. Metastases to the lungs, 

 kidneys, and testicles, as in the horse, may also be 

 seen. 



When occurring upon the mucous membrane glanders 

 is characterized by the presence of small gray nodules 

 about as large as a pin -head, that closely resemble 

 miliary tubercles in their naked-eye appearance. These 

 consist histologically of granulation tissue, i. e., of small 

 round cells, very similar to proliferating leucocytes, of 

 some lymph-cells, and, in the earliest stages, of a small 

 proportion of necrotic tissue. As they grow older, and 

 the process advances, there is a tendency toward central 

 necrosis, with the ultimate formation of a soft, yellow, 

 creamy, pus-like material. Though strikingly like 

 miliary tubercles in certain respects in the early stages, 

 there are, nevertheless, decided points of difference be- 

 tween them. 



The round-cell infiltration of the glanders nodules 

 consists essentially of polynuclear leucocytes, while 

 that of the miliary tubercle partakes more of the nature 

 of a lymphocytic infiltration ; in the later stages of 

 the process the glanders nodule breaks down into a soft 

 creamy matter, very analogous to ordinary pus, while 

 in the later stages of the miliary tubercle the tendency 

 is toward an amalgamation of its histological constitu- 

 ents, and ultimately to necrosis with caseation. The 

 giant-cell formation common to tuberculosis is never 

 seen in the glanders nodule. As Baumgarten aptly 

 piits it : " The pathological manifestations of glanders, 

 from the histological aspect, stand midway between the 



