THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 77 
more pyriform and of much better flavor than those of the oriental parent. 
The calyx of hybrid fruits is sometimes persistent and sometimes deciduous. 
The hybrids do not make good stocks and intergraft but poorly with the 
common pear. Of all pear-trees, these are handsomest in growth when in 
perfect health and make excellent ornamental trees. The strong, clean 
growth, luxuriant green foliage, beautifully tinted in the autumn, resembles 
the oriental rather than the occidental parent. It is doubtful whether 
hybrid trees will attain the great size of those of the common pear, and 
they seem to succumb to the ills of old age rather more quickly than those 
of the European parent. The hybrid pears seem less well liked by the pestif- 
erous San Jose scale than the common pear. The first flush of popularity 
having passed, hybrid pears have found their proper place in American 
pomology. They belong to the South and Middle West where the common 
pear is illy adapted to the climate. In the North and on the Pacific slope, 
pear-growers are wisely planting varieties the fruits of which are better 
in quality. 
5. PYRUS USSURIENSIS Maximowicz 
. ussuriensis Maximowicz Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 15:132. 1857. 
. sinensis Decaisne Bull. Acad. Sct. St. Petersb. 19:172. 1883. 
. simontui Carriére Rev. Hort. 28. 1872. fig. 3. 
. sinensts ussuriensis Makino Tokyo Bot. Mag. 22:69. 1908. 
So 
Nyt 
Rehder says of P. ussuriensis,| ‘‘ This species differs from the allied 
species chiefly in the short stalk of the globose fruit with persistent calyx, 
in the broad, often nearly orbicular, strongly setosely serrate leaves and in 
the lighter yellowish-brown branches; the flower clusters are, owing to the 
short stalks, rather dense and hemispherical, the petals are obovate and 
rather gradually narrowed toward the base; the styles are distinctly pilose 
near the base.” 
Wilson,? describing .the vegetation of Korea, says of this species: 
“ Pyrus ussuriensis is abundant and this year is laden with fruit. On 
some trees the fruit is wholly green, on others reddish on one side; the 
length of the peduncle varies and the same is true of the leaf-structure; 
the calyx is persistent or deciduous often on fruits on the same branch.” 
The habitat of this species is northern and northeastern China and 
eastern Siberia. Manchuria, Korea, Amurland, and Ussurri are named 
as regions in which it is most commonly found. A glance at the map shows 
1Rehder, Alfred Proc. Amer. Acad, Arts & Sci. 50:228. 191 5. 
2 Wilson, E.H. Jour. Inter. Gar. Club 598. 1918. 
