THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 159 
This variety appears to have been brought to Middletown, Kentucky, 
from Maryland by Captain William Chambers about 1800, with several 
other varieties. According to the rules of pomological nomenclature, this 
pear should be called Chambers as it was first known. The name Early 
Harvest was given the variety by Kentucky growers because of its extreme 
earliness, and became so closely associated with the variety that to-day it 
is the only one with which the public is familiar. In 1875 this variety was 
added to the fruit catalog-list of the American Pomological Society under 
the name Chambers. 
Tree large, very vigorous, upright-spreading, dense-topped, very hardy, productive 
with age, long-lived; trunk very stocky, shaggy; branches thick, shaggy, zigzag, dull red- 
dish-brown mingled with green and heavily covered with grayish scarf-skin, marked with 
numerous, large, elongated lenticels; branchlets very thick, straight, long, with long inter- 
nodes, dull olive-green mingled with light brown, smooth, glabrous, with numerous very 
conspicuous, raised lenticels, variable in size. 
Leaf-buds small, short, obtuse, appressed; leaf-scars prominent. Leaves 3} in. long, 
22 in. wide; apex. very abruptly pointed; margin glandless, varying from finely serrate to 
entire; petiole 13 in. long, slender. Flowers open early, showy, 1} in. across, well dis- 
tributed, average 7 buds in a cluster; pedicels 1 in. long, thinly pubescent. 
Fruit ripens in August; large, 3} in. long, 3 in. wide, obovate-obtuse-pyriform, sym- 
metrical; stem very thick, fleshy at its juncture with the cavity; cavity obtuse, shallow, 
narrow, often slightly wrinkled and drawn up in fleshy folds around the base of the stem; 
calyx small, open; lobes short, obtuse; basin shallow, narrow, obtuse, slightly wrinkled; 
skin thin, smooth; color pale yellow, more or less overspread on the exposed cheek with 
a pinkish blush, with stripes of carmine; dots numerous, small, greenish-russet, obscure; 
flesh yellowish, firm, granular, crisp, somewhat tough, variable in juiciness; quality poor. 
Core large, closed, axile, with clasping core-lines; calyx-tube very long, narrow; seeds 
wide, short, plump, obtuse. . 
EASTER BEURRE 
1. Pom. Mag. 2:78, Pl. 1829. 2. Lindley Guide Orch. Gard. 397. 1831. 3. Kenrick Am. Orch. 160. 
1841. 4. Downing Fr. Treés Am. 425, fig. 196. 1845. 5. Gard. Chron. 168, fig. 1845. 6. Mag. Hort. 
16:73. 1850. 7. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 157. 1854. 8. Ibid. 66. 1862. 9. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 751, 
fig. 1869. 10. Hogg Fruit Man. 572. 1884. 11. Ont. Dept. Agr. Fr. Ont. 159, figs. 1914. 
Bergamote de la Pentecéte. 12. Ann. Pom. Belge 4:41, Pl. 1856. 
Doyenné d’Hiver. 13. Mas Le Verger 1:43, fig. 28. 1866-73. 14. Leroy Dict. Pom. 2:72, fig. 1869. 
15. Guide Prat. 61, 265. 1876. 
Beurré Rouppé. 16. Mas Pom. Gen. 4:87, fig. 236. 1879. 
Winter Dechantsbirne. 17. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 300. 1889. 18. Gaucher Pom. Prak. Obst. No. 
71, Pl. 34. 1894. : 
The fruit-books of Europe have so much to say in praise of Easter 
Beurré that the variety has been tried time and time again in America, but 
