THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 205 
entirely overspread with russet or with russet coating around the cavity and with russet 
nettings and patches; dots numerous, small, russet, conspicuous; flesh yellowish-white, 
fine, melting, sweet, juicy, with a rich, vinous, aromatic flavor; quality good. Core large, 
closed, with clasping core-lines; calyx-tube short, conical; seeds large, wide, long, plump, 
acute. 
PASSE COLMAR 
1. Trans. Lond. Hort. Soc. 5:410. 1824. 2. Lindley Guide Orch. Gard. 403. 1831. 3. Prince Pom. 
Man. 1:101. 1831. 4. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 444, fig. 205. 1845. 5. Gard. Chron. 185, fig. 1845. 6. 
Mag. Hort. 15:445, fig. 39. 1849. '7. Gard. Chron. 989. 1861. 8. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 70. 1862. 9. 
Pom. France 1: No. 2, Pl. 2. 1863. 10. Mas Le Verger 1:121, fig. 59. 1866-73. 11. Leroy Dict. Pom. 
23499, figs. 1869. 12. Guide Prat. 60, 293. 1876. 13. Hogg Fruit Man. 627. 1884. 14. Soc. Nat. 
Hort. France Pom. 436, fig. 1904. 
Preul’s Colmar. 185. Liegel Syst. Anleit. 104. 1825. 
Regentin. 16. Dochnahl Fithr. Obstkunde 2:103. 1856. 17. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 268. 1889. 18. 
Gaucher Pom. Prak. Obst. No. 61, Pl. 88. 1894. 
Little known in America, this is one of the standard winter pears in 
England. The fruits are exceedingly sugary, mildly spiced with cinnamon, 
a flavor so unique, especially when compared with the piquant flavor most 
common in winter pears, that the variety is worth growing where it succeeds 
for the sake of diversity. The chief fault of the variety is variability of 
president of the Board of Control of the New York Agricultural Experiment Station. He helped to estab- 
lish and took a leader’s part in developing the parks of Rochester which have made that city famous among 
lovers of landscapes. Highland Park was almost a creation of the firm of Ellwanger and Barry. In 1888 
the firm gave the city twenty acres of land adjoining the Highland reservoir as the first step in establishing 
apark system for Rochester. Mr. Barry was chairman of the committee of the park board having in charge 
Highland Park from the creation of the board until the year before his death when it passed out of existence. 
Besides these horticultural activities, Mr. Barry was either president or an officer in six banks and trust 
companies in Rochester. His was a commanding figure in the horticulture of New York. No one attend- 
ing the meetings of the Western New York Horticultural Society during the twenty-six years he was presi- 
dent can forget Mr, Barry. His knowledge in every division of horticulture, his devotion to grape and 
pear culture, his genial manner and pleasant greeting to all members, and his force and tact as a presiding 
officer fitted him so preéminently well for the place that he was unopposed for the presidency during 
twenty-six terms following the death of his father and until his death. 
George Ellwanger, one of the founders and thereafter until his death one of the partners in the Mount 
Hope Nurseries, Rochester, New York, was born in Germany in 1816 and died in Rochester, New York, 
in 1906. He came to the United States in 1835, having been educated as a horticulturist in Stuttgart, 
although possibly the training he received throughout his youth from his father, a grower of grapes and 
fruits, taught him most, for Ellwanger often said that it was from his father that he acquired his love of 
horticulture and was by him persuaded to devote his life to the vocation of nurseryman. Ellwanger 
settled in Rochester in 1839, and the next year joined with Patrick Barry in forming the nursery and seed 
firm of Ellwanger and Barry, calling their place of business ‘*‘ Mount Hope Nurseries.” Ellwanger was 
one of the founders of the American Pomological Society, and of the Western New York Horticultural 
Society and throughout his life took an active interest in both organizations. Mr. Ellwanger had large 
business interests in Rochester and western New York and helped most materially to develop the city and 
the country about. His chief contributions to horticulture were made through the Mount Hope Nurseries, 
the influence of which is briefly set forth in the sketch of the life of Patrick Barry. 
