THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 221 
the fruit that he had trees propagated by Augustine and Company, Normal, 
Illinois, and disseminated under his name. 
Tree large, vigorous, upright becoming quite spreading, open-topped, hardy, pro- 
ductive; trunk stocky, shaggy; branches thick, smooth, dull reddish-brown, almost entirely 
covered with gray scarf-skin, sprinkled with numerous large, raised lenticels; branchlets 
slender, curved, long, with long internodes, dull reddish-brown, overspread with thin gray 
scarf-skin which is mingled with green, dull, smooth, glabrous, with conspicuous, raised 
lenticels. 
Leaf-buds small, pointed, appressed, somewhat flattened. Leaves 3 in. long, 1% in. 
wide, thin, velvety; apex taper-pointed; margin glandless, finely serrate; petiole 2 in. long, 
slender, tinged red, glabrous. Flower-buds small, short, conical, free, singly on very short 
spurs; flowers late, 14 in. across, in dense clusters, average 8 buds in a cluster; pedicels } 
in. long, thick, pubescent. 
Fruit ripe in late September and October; medium or below in size, 23 in. long, 22 
in. wide, roundish-oblate, slightly conical toward the apex; stem } in. long, slender; cavity 
acute, deep, narrow, smooth, sometimes lipped; calyx large, open; lobes separated at the 
base, long, acute; basin very shallow, narrow, obtuse, occasionally wrinkled; skin thin, 
tough, smooth, dull; color light green, without blush; dots very small, russet or greenish, 
very obscure; flesh greenish-white, firm, crisp, rather dry, subacid; quality medium to poor. 
Core large, closed, axile, with meeting core-lines; calyx-tube wide, conical; carpels ovate; 
seeds variable in size, wide, flat, obtuse. 
SUMMER DOYENNE 
1. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 40. 1883. 2. Hogg Fruit Man. 651. 1884. 3. Ont. Dept. Agr. Fr. Ont. 180, 
fig. 1914. 
Doyenné d’Eté. 4. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 336. 1845. 5. Gard. Chron. 508, fig. 1847. 6. Mag. 
Hort. 13:66, fig. 8. 1847. 7. Hovey Fr. Am. 1:59, Pl. 1851. 8. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 53. 1852. 9. 
Horticulturist N.S. 3:491, fig. 1853. 10. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 742, fig. 1869. 
Sommerdechantsbirne. 11. Dochnahl Fuhr. Obstkunde 2:20. 1856. 
Doyenné de Juillet. 12. Leroy Dict. Pom. 2:77, fig. 1869. 13. Guide Prat. 57, 266. 1876. 
Juli Dechantsbirne. 14. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 239. 1889. 15. Gaucher Pom. Prak. Obst. No. 51, 
Pl. 108. 1894. 
The extremely early and highly flavored fruits, which are borne in 
prodigious quantities, make this a very desirable pear for the home garden. 
The fruits have no value for the markets, as they are small, do not keep 
well, and are unattractive. The tree, while never large, is of medium 
size, comes in bearing early, is hardy, and is as free as most of its orchard 
associates from blight. Both fruit and foliage suffer badly from pear-scab, 
and no amount of spraying can give the fruits a fair cheek in seasons when 
this fungus is epidemic. 
Van Mons is supposed to have originated this variety about 1800 as 
Diel mentioned it among his best pears in 1812. Summer Doyenné was 
