THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 247 
Angélique de Bordeaux. 1. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:214, Pl. XLVII, fig. 5. 1768. 
2. Lindley Guide Orch. Gard. 391. 1831. 3. Leroy Dict. Pom. 1:133, figs. 1867. 
St. Martial. 4. Prince Pom. Man. 1:79. 1831. 
Henri Manger thought this pear identical with the pear Liceriana or Liciniana 
of which Pliny spoke and which bears the name of Licinius, the Roman tribune and consul. 
In 1690 Jean Merlet described a pear under the name Angélique which appears to be the 
same, and said it was much esteemed in Languedoc under the name Saint-Martial. It 
remains that its origin is ancient and uncertain, though it it seems quite likely, as M. Leroy 
thought, that it originated in Languedoc, Gironde, Fr. Switser considered it was intro- 
duced into England about 1708. For upwards of 100 years it was grown there under the 
name Saint Martial. It does not appear when it was first brought to this country. Fruit 
above medium to large, obtuse-pyriform, uneven in outline, glossy green changing as it 
ripens to pale yellow or greenish-yellow, the whole strewed with brown dots and a few 
patches of russet; flesh whitish, semi-fine, sweet and sugary, breaking, agreeable, not rich 
in perfume; second for dessert and cooking; Jan. to Apr. 
Angélique Cuvier. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 169. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 72. 18095. 
Fruit medium, acute-pyriform, almost entirely covered with fawn on a yellow ground; 
flesh fine, melting, juicy; good; Sept. and Oct. Tree vigorous and fertile. 
Angélique Leclerc. 1. Leroy Dict. Pom. 112137, fig. 1867. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 3:7, 
fig. 100. 1878. 
This variety was raised from seed by Léon Leclerc, Laval, Mayenne, Fr., about 1848. 
Fruit medium and often large, regular, long-ovate, greenish-yellow, shaded with pale 
rose on the cheek next the sun and dotted with russet; flesh white, very closely grained, 
melting, rough or gritty round the core, juicy, sugary, acidulous, having a delicate aroma; 
first; Oct. to Dec. 
Angélique de Rome. 1. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:239. 1768. 2. Leroy Dict. Pom. 
1:136, fig. 1867. 
With the exception of M. Duhamel du Monceau, no pomologist of the sixteenth or 
seventeenth century mentioned this pear. Henri Manger writing in 1783, thought it 
identical with the ‘‘ pira Tiberiana,” a variety which Pliny tells us was a favorite with the 
Emperor Tiberius. Fruit medium, globular, obtuse-pyriform, darkish yellow, dotted with 
fine gray spots, always washed with rose on the side next the sun; flesh whitish, a little 
coarse, gritty around the core, full of rich, sugary juice; second; Oct to Dec. 
Angleterre d’Hiver. 1. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 22198. 1768. 2. Leroy Dict. Pom. 
1:138, fig. 1867. 
According to Leroy this variety was grown in France in the middle of the seventeenth 
century, its grafts having been brought from England. Fruit medium, oblong-obovate- 
pyriform, pale yellow, spotted with fawn and slightly washed with red; flesh white, semi- 
fine, melting, rather gritty around the core, juicy, sugary, with a sweet and agreeable 
flavor; a good kitchen pear; Dec. to Mar. 
Angleterre Nain. 1. Leroy Dict. Pom. 1:140, fig. 1867. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 
661. 1869. 
This variety was raised from seed in 1832 at Paris by Edouard Sageret. It appeared 
