THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 251 
coarse, melting, gritty around the core, abundant sweet juice, sugary, but without any 
appreciable perfume; Sept. and Oct. 
Aqueuse de Meiningen. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 4:77, fig. 231. 1879. 
This variety is cultivated in the neighborhood of Meiningen, central Germany, but 
its origin appears to be unknown. Fruit medium or nearly medium, globular, turbinate, 
very regular in contour; skin thick, very bright green sprinkled with numerous small dots 
of a darker shade, changing at maturity to pale yellow and more golden on the side exposed 
to the sun; flesh whitish, coarse, melting, fairly juicy, saccharine and only slightly per- 
fumed; third; Sept. 
Arabella. 1. Dochnahl Fuhr. Obstkunde 2:134. 1856. 
A seedling from Van Mons, 1852. Fruit below medium, pale green, slightly 
rough, much dotted with greenish cinnamon-russet; flesh whitish, very fine, sweet, vinous; 
first for dessert; Sept. and Oct. 
Arbre Courbé. 1. Gard. Chron. 68. 1848. 2. Pom. France 2:No. 59, Pl. 59. 1864. 
Krummholzige Schmalabirne. 3. Dochnahl Fuhr. Obstkunde 2:67. 1856. 
Bivort, successor of Van Mons in the Society’s gardens at Louvain, stated that this 
variety was gained by Van Mons about 1830. Fruit large, oblong-obtuse-pyriform; skin 
rough to the touch, being considerably covered with rough, scaly russet; color bright 
yellow or greenish-yellow, freely dotted with russet spots; flesh white, rather fine, melting, 
juicy, gritty around the core; a dessert pear, but hardly first-rate; Sept. and Oct. 
Archduke of Austria. 1. Mag. Hort. 3:50. 1837. 
Manning in the Pomological Notices in the Magazine of Horticulture said: ‘‘ This tree 
bears well every year; the fruit is handsome, but very dry and of inferior quality. Ripe 
in September. It may prove to have been received under a wrong name.”’ 
Archiduc Charles. 1. Leroy Dict. Pom. 1:153, fig. 1867. 
Raised by M. Duval, Hainaut, Bel. Fruit medium to large, short-pyramidal, bright 
yellow in France, brown-red next the sun, covered with large, dark-brown russet dots and 
patches; flesh fine, yellowish-white, juicy, with a very agreeable savor; first; Nov. and Dec. 
Archiduc @Eté. 1. Leroy Dict. Pom. 12155, fig. 1867. 
Ognonet. 2. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:135, Pl. VIII. 1768. 
An old French variety described under various names at different times and places, 
the earliest being by Merlet in 1675. It acquired the synonym of Ognonet in the 
eighteenth century from its swelled onion-like form. Fruit small, obovate-obtuse-pyriform: 
pale lively green changing to yellowish-green as it ripens and covered with dark red next 
the sun with numerous russety dots and some patches of russet > flesh yellowish-white, 
semi-fine, juicy, gritty, sugary, acid, with a slight flavor of anis; second; July and Aug. 
Archiduc Jean d’Autriche. 1. Kenrick Am. Orch. 159. 1832. 2. Mag. Hort. 21:146. 
1855. 
Originated by Van Mons about 1817 and characterized by him as “ admirable;” 
otherwise undescribed. 
Archiduchesse d’Autriche. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 483. 1884. 
Raised by Van Mons. Fruit medium or below, globular-turbinate, green, yellowish- 
green when ripe, blushed with brownish-red, dots and stains of cinnamon-russet; flesh 
