THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 337 
as great as the length, warm yellow ground dotted all over with russet; flesh crisp, juicy, 
sweet, the skin having something of a musky pineapple flavor; a handsome, fragrant fruit; 
first for cooking; a good keeper; summer. 
Chio. 1. Miller Gard. Dict. 3: 1807. 
Commonly called, according to Miller, the Little Bastard Musk Pear to distinguish 
it from the Little Musk Pear. Fruit small, roundish, yellow when ripe, with a few streaks 
of red on the side next the sun; juice musky; good; July. 
Choak-pear. 1. Miller Gard. Dici. 3: 1807. 
The fruit of this pear is so acrid that it produces a choking sensation. Its flesh is red 
and it is rarely cultivated. 
Choisnard. 1. Leroy Dict. Pom. 1:5509, fig. 1867. 2. Guide Prat. 80. 1895. 
Found growing wild in the environs of Ormes-Sur-Vienne, Fr., about 1810. Fruit 
above to medium, pyramidal-obtuse, rather wrinkled, dark yellow, dotted with fawn, 
large gray marblings which pass to dark brown on the exposed side; flesh yellowish, semi- 
melting, semi-fine, gritty at core; juice sufficient, sugary, tartish, savory, witha delicate, 
musky flavor; first; Jan. to Mar. 
Cholwell. 1. Mag. Hort. 13:451. 1847. 
An English variety first described by the London Horticultural Society in 1847. Fruit 
medium, curved pyramidal; skin smooth, thin, yellowish-green in the shade and partly 
tinged and obscurely streaked with dull red next the sun where it is also speckled with pale 
dots; flesh yellowish-white, melting, buttery, very sugary and rich, musky; Oct. 
Christmas. 1. Elliott Fr. Book. 371. 1859. 
Originated in Cincinnati, O., and described as “‘ new’ in 1859. Fruit medium, ovate- 
rounded, rough, bronzed, russety; flesh a little gritty, juicy, sweet; very good; Dec. and Jan. 
Christmas Beurré. 1. Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 158. 1874. 
A seedling of the White Doyenné shown in the Massachusetts Horticultural Society’s 
rooms in 1874. Fruit full medium size, ovate-pyriform, dull green, with thin russet towards 
the stem and sometimes sprinkled with red next the sun; flesh rather gritty at core, juicy 
and rich; very good to best; Dec. 
Church. 1. Mag. Hort. 23:112, fig. 5. 1857. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am.19. 18609. 
Vanilla. 3. Watson Am. Home Gard. 376, fig. 235. 1860. 
Reported by Downing to have originated on land belonging to Trinity Church at 
New Rochelle, N. Y., hence its name; but Dr. Brincklé, in the second reference, says that 
it was believed to be a seedling raised by an old Huguenot settler, and that the original 
tree still existed on the premises of L. P. Miller, and was presumed to be nearly 100 
years old. In 1859 Dr. Brincklé and Prince and Ferris expressed the opinion that it 
was identical with Platt’s Bergamot and Mr. Colt thought the Clark pear of Hartford was 
also thesame. Fruit medium, globular-oblate, irregular, green becoming yellow at maturity, 
with minute dots; flesh fine, very buttery, melting, with a very rich, sweet and highly 
perfumed flavor; first; Sept. 
Chypre. 1. Leroy Dict. Pom. 1:561, fig. 1867. 2. Hogg Fruit Man. 571. 1884. 
Duhamel in 1768, Poiteau in 1848 and Dr. Hogg in 1884 make this pear synonymous 
with Early Rousselet. Leroy regards it as a separate variety. It is an ancient pear of 
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