THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 471 
Méruault. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 7:184, fig. 576. 1881. 
Obtained by M. Pariset from a seed bed of the Easter Beurré made in 1856. Fruit 
medium, ovate, shortened and thick, water-green sown with dots of fawn-brown, more 
often almost wholly covered with russet of fawn color; on ripening the basic green changes 
to an intense lemon-yellow, the russet clears, and the side next the sun becomes golden; 
flesh whitish, fine, buttery, melting, without grit; juice abundant, rich in sugar, delicately 
perfumed with musk; first; throughout winter. 
Merveille de Moringen. 1. Guide Prat. 100. 1876. 
Originated in the environs of Moringen, Ger., where it is very well thought of. Tree 
large, very fertile, resisted the phenomenal frost of 1879-1880 in Europe. Fruit small, 
turbinate, a beautiful lemon-yellow; flesh breaking; for cooking; Oct. 
Messire Jean. 1. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:173, Pl. XXVI. 1768. 2. Hogg Fruit 
Man. 616. 1884. 
Of ancient and untraceable origin, but mentioned by Venette, Rochelle, Fr., in 1678 
and 1683. Fruit medium, turbinate, sometimes slightly obovate, surface slightly bossed; 
skin rough, thick, dark green, passing to buff, washed with dark red on the side of the sun, 
strewed with speckles of darker russet; flesh white, slightly tinged with lemon, rather fine, 
breaking, juicy, richly saccharine, perfumed, sprightly; good, either for dessert or kitchen 
use; Nov. and Dec. 
Messire Jean Goubault. 1. Leroy Dict. Pom. 2:422, fig. 1869. 
This variety dates from 1847 and came from a seed bed of M. Goubault, Angers, 
Fr. Fruit large or medium, turbinate, more or less globular, often irregular, bossed and 
much larger on one side than on the other; skin fine and wrinkled and entirely reddened 
and dotted with large grayish spots; flesh whitish, coarse, semi-melting, always doughy 
and containing some grit around the core; juice rather scanty, sugary, tart, slightly per- 
fumed and very agreeable; second; Nov. 
Michaelmas Nelis. 1. Gard. Chron. N. 8. 30:272, fig. 82. 1901. 2. Bunyard Handb. 
Hardy Fr. 188. 1920. 
A seedling from Winter Nelis, which Messrs. Bunyard, nurserymen, Maidstone, Eng., 
found by chance in a cottage garden, and sent out in 1901. It was given an award of merit 
at a meeting of the Fruit Committee of the Royal Horticultural Society in October, 1902. 
Fruit medium, pyriform, very shapely, light greenish skin, somewhat russety; flesh white, 
melting, very little grit, juicy and of delicious flavor; end of Sept. 
Michaux. 1. Mag. Hort.6:45. 1840. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 239. 1854. 
Origin not clear but R. Manning, Salem, Mass., stated that he had received it from a 
town in Alsace, Fr. Fruit medium, nearly globular-pyriform, light yellowish-green chang- 
ing to yellow, with a slight blush of red; flesh white, coarse, semi-buttery, juicy, sweet; 
second; Sept. and Oct. 
Mignonne d@’Eté. 1. Guide Prat. 111. 1876. 
Obtained by M. Boisbunel, Rouen, Fr., and placed in commerce in 1874. Fruit medium 
to large, like Calebasse in form; skin glossy and yellow, finely dotted and streaked with 
gray-russet; flesh fine and melting; Aug. 
