THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 589 
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES, WITH ABBREVIATIONS USED 
The list of books which follows contains all American pomological 
works in which the pear is discussed at any length. Only such European 
books are listed, however, as were found useful in writing The Pears of 
New York. Only periodicals are listed to which references are made in the 
text of the book. The reports and bulletins of experiment stations and 
horticultural societies are not included since the abbreviations used for 
such publications will be recognized by all. The date of copyright has 
been preferred to that of publication, though sometimes it has been 
necessary to use the latter, as when there were several editions from the 
same copyright. 
Aepfel u. Birnen......... Aepfel und Birnen. Die wichtigsten deutschen Kern- 
obstsorten. Herausgegeben im engen Anschlusse an 
die “Statistik der deutschen Kernobstsorten” von 
R. Goethe, H. Degenkolb und R. Mertens und unter 
der Leitung der Obstund Weinbau-Abteilung der 
Deutschen Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft. (Illustrirt.) 
Berlin: 1894. 
Am, Gard. ..44cue nae American Gardening. An Illustrated Journal of Horticulture 
and Gardener’s Chronicle. New York: 1892-1904. Copy- 
right, 1903. (Before its union with Popular Gardening in 
1892, the publication was known as The American Garden. 
Both Popular Gardening and The American Garden resulted 
from the union or absorption of several other horticultural 
periodicals.) 
Am. Gard. Mag.......... The American Gardener’s Magazine, and Register of Useful 
Discoveries and Improvements in Horticulture and Rural 
Affairs. See Mag. Hort. 
Am. Hort. An........... American Horticultural Annual. A Year-book of Horticul- 
tural Progress for the Professional and Amateur Gardener, 
Fruit-grower, and Florist. ([llustrated.) New York: 1867. 
Copyright, 1867. New edition. New York: 1870. Copy- 
right, 1869. 
Am. Jour. Hort.......... The American Journal of Horticulture and Florist’s Companion. 
(Illustrated.) Volumes 1-5. Boston: 1867-1869. Copy- 
rights, 1867-1869. Continued as Tilton’s Journal of Horti- 
culture and Floral Magazine. (Illustrated.) Volumes 6-0. 
Boston: 1869-71. Copyrights, 1869-1871. 
